Table 2.
Evaluation of the methodological quality of eligible studies (n = 23) utilizing the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale.
| Assessment Criteria | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Study | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | Total Score | Quality Assessment |
| Almeida 2020 [23] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Good |
| Arazi 2019 [22] | Y | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 9 | Excellent |
| Arciero 2001 [24] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Good |
| Bemben 2001[25] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Good |
| Cribb 2007 [26] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Good |
| Ferguson 2005 [27] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Good |
| Hoffman 2006 [28] | Y | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8 | Good |
| Kaviani 2019 [29] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Good |
| Kelly 1998 [30] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Good |
| Larson 2000 [31] | Y | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Good |
| Mills 2020 [32] | Y | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | Good |
| Noonan 1998 [33] | Y | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 | Good |
| Pearson 1999 [34] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Good |
| Peeters 1999 [35] | N | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Good |
| Sandro 2012 [36] | Y | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Good |
| Saremi 2010 [37] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Good |
| Stone 1999 [38] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Good |
| Stout 1999 [39] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Good |
| Syrotuik 2000 [40] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 | Good |
| Taylor 2011 [41] | Y | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | Excellent |
| Volek 1999 [42] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Good |
| Wang 2018 [43] | Y | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8 | Good |
| Wilder 2002 [44] | Y | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | Good |
1, eligibility criteria; 2, random allocation; 3, concealed allocation; 4, baseline comparability; 5, blinded subjects; 6, blinded therapists; 7, blinded assessors; 8, adequate follow-up; 9, intention-to-treat analysis; 10, between-group comparisons; 11, point estimates and variability. The total score represents the score of the PEDro scale. Item 1 was not scored. Y, yes; N, no.