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. 2024 Oct 22;29(21):4978. doi: 10.3390/molecules29214978

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The illustration of droplet behavior on the surface of 4 fibers: (a) OBWB yarn, (b) OBLWB yarn, (c) BWB yarn and (d) LBW yarn. (F_l) is the driving force generated by the shape gradient that propels a liquid drop towards the region with a larger curvature radius. (F_c) is the driving force generated by the surface wettability gradient that propels liquid droplets towards the wetter region. (F_wc) is the driving force generated by the surface wettability gradient that propels liquid droplets towards the wetter region of water. (F_u) is the driving force generated by a surface lubricant. (G) is the force of gravity.