TABLE 1.
Sample Characteristics
| Characteristic | N = 2872* |
|---|---|
| Age | 65 (12) |
| Sex, n (%) | |
| Female | 319 (11) |
| Male | 2553 (89) |
| Race, n (%) | |
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 17 (0.6) |
| Asian | 14 (0.5) |
| Black or African American | 514 (19) |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 17 (0.6) |
| White | 2203 (80) |
| Unknown | 107 |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |
| Hispanic or Latino | 127 (4.4) |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 2659 (93) |
| Unknown | 86 (3.0) |
| History of PTSD,† n (%) | 674 (23) |
| History of depression† | 349 (12) |
| History of anxiety† | 427 (15) |
| Marital status, n (%) | |
| Divorced | 683 (24) |
| Married or in a civil union | 1750 (61) |
| Single (never married or in a civil union) | 199 (7.0) |
| Separated | 95 (3.3) |
| Widowed | 126 (4.4) |
| Unknown | 19 |
| Count of chronic conditions‡ | 2.79 (1.95) |
| History of chronic pain,† n (%) | 1830 (64) |
| Employment status, n (%) | |
| Homemaker | 12 (0.4) |
| Multiple responses | 700 (25) |
| Not working and not looking for work | 71 (2.5) |
| Not working, but actively looking for work | 55 (1.9) |
| Retired | 781 (27) |
| Student in high school, job training, or college degree program | 11 (0.4) |
| Unable to work due to disability | 661 (23) |
| Working as a volunteer (no pay) | 29 (1.0) |
| Working for pay full-time (30+ h/wk) | 401 (14) |
| Working for pay part-time (<30 h/wk) | 122 (4.3) |
| Unknown | 29 |
| Length of chronic pain, n (%) | |
| Not at all | 59 (2.1) |
| <1 month | 26 (0.9) |
| 1–3 months | 57 (2.1) |
| 3–6 months | 69 (2.5) |
| 6 mo–1 y | 134 (4.8) |
| 1–5 y | 527 (19) |
| More than 5 y | 1901 (69) |
| Unknown | 99 |
*
Mean (SD); n (%).
†
Past-year diagnosis found in the electronic health record.
‡
Elixhauser Comorbidity Index.