Fig. 2.

Morphological evolution of polymorph shape (as outlines of a zooid's orifice and opesia, which together comprise the frontal area of a zooid) in colonies of Wilbertopora. A) Morphospace of polymorphs defined by first two principal components (PCs). Each point represents a single zooid. B) Difference in mean shapes of autozooids and avicularia within colonies. Points and bars show mean and SD of values, respectively, within time intervals. C) Shape disparity of autozooids and avicularia within colonies; solid points with bars show mean and SD among colonies per time interval. Time slices show the midpoint of stratigraphic formations, but their relative spacing is uniform for visualization purposes.