TABLE 2.
GWAS on hearing lossStudies are listed in chronological order, displaying the trait, sample size, cohorts used, number of loci identified, and software used.
| Author | Year | Trait | n (Case/Controls) | Source | # Loci | Software for GWAS | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hoffmann et al. | 2016 | ARHI | 6,527/45,882 | GERA | 1 | PLINK (logistic regression) | Hoffmann et al., 2016 |
| Wells et al. | 2019 | Hearing difficulty | 87,056/163,333 | UKBB | 41 | BOLT-LMM (LMM) | Wells et al., 2019 |
| Wells et al. | 2019 | Hearing aid | 13,178/240,740 | UKBB | 7 | BOLT-LMM (LMM) | Wells et al., 2019 |
| Nagtegaal et al. | 2019 | Audiometry | 9,675/356,141 | CHARGE consortium (6) | 7 | ProbABE, PLINK, GeneABEL, GENESIS, EMMAX (LMM and linear regression) | Nagtegaal et al., 2019 |
| Kalra et al. | 2020 | Hearing difficulty, hearing aid, speech-in-noise, tinnitus | x/330,759 | UKBB | 31 | Hail (linear regression) | Kalra et al., 2020 |
| Liu et al. | 2021 | Hearing difficulty, hearing aid, speech-in-noise, tinnitus | x/362,396 | UKBB | 35/22/2/11 | PLINK (logistic regression) | Liu et al., 2021 |
| Ivarsdottir et al. | 2021 | ARHI | 121,934/591,699 | Iceland/UKBB | 45 | Not-reported (logistic regression) | Ivarsdottir et al., 2021 |
| Trpchevska et al. | 2022 | ARHI self-report and ICD10 | 147,997/575,269 | UKBB, AGES, DTR, EGCUT, FinnGen, FHS, HABC, INGI-FVG, RS, SA, SALT(Y), STAGE, TwinsUK, WGHS | 48 | PLINK, MLMA, SAIGE, GEMMA, Rvtests, Mach2Dat, BOLT-LMM (linear regression, LMM) | Trpchevska et al., 2022 |
| Praveen et al. | 2022 | Hearing problems (hearing difficulty, hearing aid, speech-in-noise) and ICD10 | 125,749/469,497 | UKBB, FinnGen, MALMO, SINAI, GHS | 53 | Regenie (LMM) | Praveen et al., 2022 |
| De Angelis et al. | 2023 | Hearing problems (Hearing difficulty, hearing aid, speech-in-noise) | 145,529/356,296 | UKBB, NHS I, NHS II, HPFS, MVP | 54 | PLINK (logistic regression) | De Angelis et al., 2023 |
ARHI, age-related hearing impairment; GWAS, genome-wide association studies; ICD10, International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision.