Table 1.
Patient demographic and disease characteristics, hospitalization and clinical status in the training and validation cohorts.
| Training cohort (N = 749) | Validation cohort (N = 260) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age in years, median (IQR) | 65 (57–73) | 68 (58–76) |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 369 (49%) | 162 (62%) |
| Female | 380 (51%) | 98 (38%) |
| ECOG PS | ||
| 0–1 | 428 (57%) | 106 (41%) |
| 2–4 | 321 (43%) | 154 (59%) |
| Smoker | 360 (48%) | 159 (61%) |
| Alcohol intakea | 68 (9%) | 18 (7%) |
| Dyslipidemia | 221 (30%) | 95 (37%) |
| Hypertension | 274 (37%) | 124 (48%) |
| Chronic cardiac diseaseb | 56 (7%) | 34 (13%) |
| Albumin g/dL, median (IQR) | 3.3 (2.8–3.7) | 3.2 (2.8–3.6) |
| LDH UI/L, median (IQR) | 268 (203–401) | 226 (71–3703) |
| WBC x109/L, median (IQR) | 8.0 (5.2–11.7) | 7.37 (4.4–11.5) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, median (IQR) | 8 (7–9) | 9 (7–10) |
| Time since diagnosis in months, median (IQR) | 22.2 (8.0–51.6) | 17.7 (5.2–46.4) |
| Prior cancer to the cancer currently being treatment | 76 (10%) | 40 (15%) |
| Disease stage at diagnosis | ||
| I-III | 249 (35%) | 111 (43%) |
| IV | 466 (65%) | 149 (57%) |
| N lines prior anticancer therapy, median (IQR; minimun/maximum) | 2 (1–3; 1/12) | 2 (1–3; 1/10) |
| Anticancer therapy during 6 months prior to hospitalizationc | ||
| Chemotherapy | 411 (56%) | 173 (67%) |
| Immunotherapy | 155 (21%) | 38 (15%) |
| Targeted therapy | 107 (15%) | 27 (10%) |
| Radiotherapy | 19 (3%) | 5 (2%) |
| Otherd | 42 (6%) | 22 (8%) |
| Anticancer therapy in a clinical trial | 316 (42%) | 17 (7%) |
| Response at last tumor assessmente | ||
| Complete/partial response | 102 (18%) | 48 (24%) |
| Stable disease | 119 (21%) | 38 (19%) |
| Progressive disease | 343 (61%) | 116 (57%) |
| Duration of hospitalization in days, median (IQR) | 9 (6–14) | 9 (6–14) |
| Thrombosis during hospitalization | 45 (6%) | 4 (2%) |
| Opioid use prior to admissione | 214 (34%) | 89 (35%) |
| Opioid use at dischargee | 263 (41%) | 112 (45%) |
ECOG PS, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status.
a
≥4 standard drinks/daily.
b
Previously reported acute myocardial infarction, valvopathy, cardiac insufficiency (excludes arrhythmia).
c
Patients could receive more than one type of therapy.
d
Hormone therapy, gene therapy, surgery, cell therapy.
e
Missing data; percentage calculated based on patients with data.