Table 4. Efficacy outcomes at 3 and 6 months by treatment arm.

	ALMS		AURA-LV/AURORA 1
	IVC (n=91)	MMF (n=88)	VCS (N=179)
At3 months
UPCR reduction of ≥25%, n (%)	56 (61.5)	68 (77.3)	164 (91.6)
OR (95% CI), p value VCS vs IVC or MMF	6.88 (3.48,>9.99), p<0.001	3.06 (1.47, 6.37), p=0.003
At6 months
UPCR ≤0.5 g/g, n (%)	27 (29.7)	15 (17.0)	68 (38.0)
OR (95% CI), p value VCS vs IVC or MMF	1.54 (0.87, 2.73), p=0.141	3.24 (1.68, 6.25), p<0.001
UPCR reduction of ≥50%, n (%)	52 (57.1)	50 (56.8)	127 (70.9)
OR (95% CI), p value VCS vs IVC or MMF	1.83 (1.06, 3.14), p=0.029	2.00 (1.16, 3.45), p=0.013

Propensity score methodology was used to generate two groups of matched participants (N=179) from the ALMS (IVC and MMF) and AURA-LV/AURORA 1 (voclosporin) studies based on the following parameters: age, duration of lupus nephritis, duration of SLE, albumin, C3, C4, creatinine, anti-dsDNA, eGFR, UPCR, biopsy class, sex, and geographical region. The proportion of participants achieving UPCR outcomes at 3 and 6 months months wereas calculated using a logistic regression model with terms for treatment arm, baseline UPCR, biopsy class, and region. ORs >unity indicate a benefit of voclosporin treatment over IVC or MMF.

ALMSAspreva Lupus Management StudyC, complement; dsDNA, double-stranded DNA; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IVC, intravenous cyclophosphamide; MMF, mycophenolate mofetil; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; UPCR, urine protein creatinine ratio; VCS, voclosporin