Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
Crystal violet-stained biofilm under in vivo (a) and in vitro (b) conditions on specimens during incubation. Viability of biofilm grown on Ti6AI4V and Y-TZP under in vivo (c) and in vitro (d) conditions. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test, indicating significance with *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001. Error bars represent the standard error of the mean (SEM). Experiments were conducted in triplicates (n = 3).
