Table 1. Characteristics of participants (all cared for in a multidisciplinary clinic environment).
| Characteristic | Total sample(n=13) |
| Age, mean (SD), years | 41.7 (14.0) |
| Age at LN diagnosis, mean (SD), years | 26.2 (10.1) |
| Age at SLE diagnosis, mean (SD), years | 24.4 (10.5) |
| Female, % | 92.3 (n=12) |
| Self-reported race and ethnicity, % | |
| Asian | 30.8 (n=4) |
| Indigenous | 7.7 (n=1) |
| White | 61.5 (n=8) |
| Self-reported post-secondary education,* % (n=11)† | 63.6 (n=7) |
| Medications (ever), % | |
| Glucocorticoids | 100.0 (n=13) |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 100.0 (n=13) |
| Immunosuppressants/biologics | 100.0 (n=13) |
| Azathioprine | 46.2 (n=6) |
| Belimumab | 38.5 (n=5) |
| Cyclophosphamide | 30.8 (n=4) |
| Mycophenolate mofetil/mycophenolic acid | 84.6 (n=11) |
| Rituximab | 23.1 (n=3) |
| Tacrolimus | 23.1 (n=3) |
| LN classification, % (n=12)‡ | |
| Class III | 33.3 (n=4) |
| Class IV | 33.3 (n=4) |
| Class V | 16.7 (n=2) |
| Mixed (Class III/V or Class IV/V) | 16.7 (n=2) |
| Adjusted mean (SD) SLEDAI-2K Score§ | 4.9 (3.3) |
| Dialysis (ever), % | 23.1 (n=3) |
| Renal transplant, % | 15.4 (n=2) |
| Biopsy-proven LN within the past year and currently receiving immunosuppressants/biologic therapy, % | 15.4 (n=2) |
| Biopsy-proven LN 1–5 years prior and currently receiving immunosuppressants/biologic therapy, % | 15.4 (n=2) |
| Biopsy-proven LN>5 years prior and currently receiving immunosuppressants/biologic therapy, % | 30.8 (n=4) |
| Biopsy-proven LN>5 years prior and no longer receiving immunosuppressants/biologic therapy, % | 15.4 (n=2) |
| Women who have been pregnant or are currently pregnant and received immunosuppressants/biologic therapy during pregnancy, % | 23.1 (n=3) |
*
Includes those who have completed a college/university degree or a graduate or professional degree.
†
Two participants did not indicate their level of education.
‡
The LN classification of one participant is unknown.
§
A measurement of lupus disease activity over time determined by the calculation of the area under the curve of SLEDAI-2KSystemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) over time by adding the area of each of the blocks of visit interval and then dividing by the length of time for the whole period.
LN, lupus nephritis; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus