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. 2024 Aug 27;23(6):1977–2004. doi: 10.1007/s10237-024-01878-8

Table 6.

Biomarkers corresponding to virtual CRT configurations varying Ventriculo-Ventricular Delay (VVD) with the left electrode positioned at LEAS. Positive values of VVD mean that the right stimulation occurs before the left one. For CRT scenarios we indicate the percentage of variation of dP/dt|max, SV and SW with respect to the pre-operative case, whereas for EF we indicate the absolute changes. P2, P3, P4: non-fibrotic cases; P6, P8, P11: fibrotic cases

Patient Delay dP/dt|max SV EF SW
[ms] [mmHg-1] [ml] [%] [mmHgml]
P2 Pre-operative 2, 252 76 15.1 6, 300
-15 +5.2% +10.5% +1.6 +17.0%
0 +7.4% +11.8% +1.8 +19.0%
30 +11.3% +10.5% +1.7 +18.0%
P3 Pre-operative 3, 119 112 31.9 11, 600
-15 +7.0% +7.1% +2.3 +12.2%
0 +13.0% +8.0% +2.6 +14.8%
30 +24.9% +8.9% +2.8 +16.6%
P4 Pre-operative 2, 278 73 24.5 6, 800
-15 +1.2% +6.2% +1.5 +9.8%
0 +6.5% +7.3% +1.8 +10.8%
15 +9.8% +7.6% +1.8 +10.9%
P6 Pre-operative 2, 186 82 25.9 7, 000
-15 +2.4% +11.5% +3.0 +16.6%
0 +3.7% +11.8% +3.0 +16.9%
30 +6.7% +9.7% +2.5 +13.4%
P8 Pre-operative 2, 731 70 32.9 6, 700
-15 -0.9% +2.8% +1.1 +6.9%
0 +2.0% 4.2% +1.4 +6.6%
15 +3.0% +4.2% +1.5 +6.9%
P11 Pre-operative 2, 460 58 25.0 4, 900
-15 +0.5% +6.9% +2.1 +12.4%
0 +0.7% +10.3% +2.6 +15.6%
15 -0.9% +8.6% +2.2 +13.2%