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. 2024 Aug 27;23(6):1977–2004. doi: 10.1007/s10237-024-01878-8

Table 8.

Biomarkers corresponding to all the virtual CRT configurations varying left lead position. See Fig. 7 for the different locations of the left electrode. For CRT scenarios we indicate the percentage of variation of dP/dt|max, SV and SW with respect to the pre-operative case, whereas for EF we indicate the absolute changes. P2, P3, P4: non-fibrotic cases; P6, P8, P11: fibrotic cases

Patient Location dP/dt|max SV EF SW
[mmHg-1] [ml] [%] [mmHgml]
P2 Pre-operative 2252 76 15.1 6300
LEAS +7.4% +11.8% +1.8 +19.4%
VEIN 1 +8.1% +14.5% +2.3 +23.5%
VEIN 2 +7.2% +13.2% +2.1 +22.6%
VEIN 3 +9.9% +3.9% +0.6 +7.7%
VEIN 4 +12.0% +11.8% +1.9 +20.1%
P3 Pre-operative 3119 112 31.9 11, 600
LEAS +13.0% +8.0% +2.6 +14.8%
VEIN 1 +9.7% +9.8% +3.1 +16.5%
VEIN 2 +13.9% +8.0% +2.7 +17.3%
VEIN 3 +2.1% +2.7% +1.1 +5.5%
VEIN 4 -15.0% +0.0% +0.1 -0.8%
P4 Pre-operative 2278 73 24.5 6800
LEAS +6.5% +7.3% +1.8 +10.8%
VEIN 1 +3.1% +6.3% +1.5 +10.0%
VEIN 2 +2.8% +6.2% +1.5 +9.4%
VEIN 3 +3.5% +4.8% +1.2 +7.8%
VEIN 4 +6.6% +1.9% +0.5 +3.7%
P6 Pre-operative 2186 82 25.9 7000
LEAS +3.7% +11.8% +3.0 +16.9%
VEIN 1 +2.0% +10.8% +2.8 +15.4%
VEIN 2 -0.3% +8.5% +2.2 +12.3%
VEIN 3 -2.6% +5.7% +1.5 +8.0%
VEIN 4 -3.1% +4.5% +1.2 +6.3%
P8 Pre-operative 2731 70 32.9 6700
LEAS -7.5% -1.4% -0.3 -1.6%
VEIN 1 +2.0% +4.2% +1.4 +6.6%
VEIN 2 -2.20% +2.8% +1.0 +4.0%
VEIN 3 -1.9% +0.0% -0.2 -0.6%
VEIN 4 -3.0% -4.2% -1.6 -6.4%
P11 Pre-operative 2460 58 25.0 4900
LEAS +0.7% +10.3% +2.6 +15.6%
VEIN 1 -2.0% +1.7% +0.6 +3.9%
VEIN 2 -2.6% +5.2% +1.6 +9.5%
VEIN 3 -0.7% +0.6% +2.4 +15.2%
VEIN 4 +1.5% +6.9% +1.9 +12.4%