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. 2024 Oct 26;29:101314. doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101314

Fig. 4.

Fig. 4

FEXO promoted angiogenesis and inhibited oxidative stress, pyroptosis and apoptosis in random-pattern skin flaps through autophagy. (A) The GO pathway analysis of significant microRNA downstream in FEXO and EXO. (B) Digital image of RPSFs on D7 in PBS, PBS + 3-MA, EXO, EXO + 3-MA, FEXO and FEXO + 3-MA groups. (C)The full field LDBF images of RPSFs in PBS, PBS + 3-MA, EXO, EXO + 3-MA, FEXO and FEXO + 3-MA groups on D7. (D) The immunofluorescence images of CD31/EMCN positive vessels of skin flaps in PBS, PBS + 3-MA, EXO, EXO + 3-MA, FEXO and FEXO + 3-MA groups. (E) The expression of angiogenesis-related protein VEGF; pyroptosis-related proteins NLRP3, GSDMD-N and Cleaved Caspase-1(CC1) and autophagy-related proteins LC3B, and p62 in PBS, PBS + 3-MA, EXO, EXO+3-MA, FEXO and FEXO + 3-MA groups. The gels have been run under the same experimental conditions, and cropped blots were used here. (F) The percentage of survival area in each group (n = 5). (G) The signal intensity of blood flow of flaps was analyzed in each group (n = 5). (H) The number of CD31/EMCN positive vessels were analyzed in each group (n = 3). (I) The activity of Caspase-1 in skin flaps (n = 3). ∗ stands for P < 0.05, ∗∗ stands for P < 0.01, ∗∗∗ stands for P < 0.001, ns stands for not significant.