Table 1.
Clinical data and plasma analysis of patients in the groups of HC, PDNC, and PDMCI
| Variable | HC group n = 32 | PDNC group n = 69 | PDMCI group n = 72 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year), mean ± SD | 60 ± 11.1c | 62.1 ± 11c | 66 ± 10ab | <0.01 |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Male | 11 (34.4) | 33 (47.8) | 36 (50) | 0.33 |
| Female | 21 (65.6) | 36 (52.2) | 36 (50) | |
| Education (year), median (IQR) | 8.5 (8.5, 8.9)b, c | 9 (6, 14.5)a, c | 6 (5, 9)a, b | <0.01 |
| Disease duration (year), median (IQR) | NA | 2 (1, 5) | 3.5 (1, 5) | 0.12 |
| LEDD (mg), median (IQR) | NA | 337.5 (175, 437) | 337.5 (256, 500) | 0.25 |
| UPDRSIII (score), median (IQR) | NA | 19 (14, 32.5) | 34 (20, 45.7) | <0.01 |
| Hoehn Yahr, median (IQR) | NA | 1 (1, 2.5) | 2 (2, 3) | <0.01 |
| MoCA (score), median (IQR) | 28 (26, 29)bc | 26 (24, 28)ac | 17 (13, 20)ab | <0.01 |
| RBDSQ (score), median (IQR) | NA | 1 (0, 5.5) | 3.5 (1, 8) | <0.01 |
| HAMA (score), median (IQR) | NA | 4 (1, 12) | 11 (2, 22) | <0.01 |
| HAMD (score), median (IQR) | NA | 5 (1.5, 10.5) | 9.5 (4.3, 20) | <0.01 |
| PSQI (score), mean ± SD | NA | 8.6 ± 4.7 | 10.8 ± 4.5 | <0.01 |
| FOGQ (score), median (IQR) | NA | 3 (0, 5.5) | 9 (2.3, 17) | <0.01 |
| NfL(pg/ml), median (IQR) | 11.5 (9.8, 15.1)c | 11.8 (8, 14.2)c | 18.2 (11.5, 27.7)a, b | <0.01 |
| GFAP(pg/ml), median (IQR) | 68.4 (50, 118.3)c | 77.6 (56.5, 104.8)c | 118.2 (91.4, 172.7)a, b | <0.01 |
When comparing between the three groups, a p-value less than 0.05 indicated statistical significance compared to the HC group (denoted as “a”), PDNC group (“b”), or PDMCI group (“c”).
HAMA Hamilton Anxiety Scale, HAMD Hamilton Depression Scale, FOGQ Frozen gait questionnaire, LEDD levodopa equivalent daily dose, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, RBDSQ Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Scale, UPDRSIII Unified Parkinson’s Rating Scale Part III, PDMCI Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment, HC healthy controls, PDNC Parkinson’s disease normal cognitive.