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. 2024 Nov 11;23:234. doi: 10.1186/s12939-024-02304-2

Table 4.

Analysis of baseline scores in relation to sociodemographic factors

Intercultural Competency Self Efficacy Knowledge Pre-Post Differences
Overall Score Subjective Knowledge Attitudes Awareness Importance Empathy - - ICC SE Kw
Previous work experience? Yes 10.74a (1.49) 2.08a (0.66) 4.4a (0.85) .78a (0.17) .94a (0.11) 2.31a (0.50) 3.2a (0.63) 3.03a (1.19) 1.61a .16a 1.14a
No 10.17a (1.61) 1.88a (0.68) 4.55a (0.87) .81a (0.21) .93a (0.13) 2.01b (0.58) 3.00a (0.62) 3.03a (1.02) 1.79a .31a .84a
Worked with migrants? Yes 11.28a (1.66) 2.41a (0.66) 4.74a (0.78) .84a (0.15) .93a (0.14) 2.36a (0.60) 3.19a (0.63) 2.96a (1.00) 1.42a .26a 1.11a
No 10.29b (1.42) 1.86b (0.62) 4.56a (0.88) .77a (0.19) .94a (0.11) 2.16a (0.51) 3.04a (0.62) 3.06a (1.19) 1.76a .18a 1.03a
Professional vs. Student Prof. 11.07a (1.24) 2.25a (0.49) 4.65a (0.84) .74a (0.16) .95a (0.10) 2.48a (0.33) 3.17a (0.53) 3.07a (1.19) 1.27a .14a 1.36a
Student 10.01b (1.60) 1.76b (0.71) 4.57a (0.89) .82a (0.20) .92a (0.13) 1.94b (0.55) 2.98a (0.70) 3.02a (1.12) 2.04b .25a .69b
Sex Male 10.13a (1.66) 1.89a (0.63) 4.47a (0.86) .79a (0.19) .91a (0.13) 2.07a (0.67) 2.78a (0.66) 3.17a (1.40) 1.64a .34a .83a
Female 10.66a (1.47) 2.04a (0,67) 4.65a (0.85) .78a (0.19) .94a (0.11) 2.25a (0.49) 3.17b (0.59) 2.99a (1.05) 1.68a .16a 1.11a
Regional Differences Europe 11.08a (1.23) 2.27a (0.51) 4.61a (0.82) .76a (0.17) .97a (0.08) 2.47a (0.33) 3.21a (0.55) 3.20a (1.05) 1.30a .13a 1.28a
North America 9.92b (1.55) 1.73b (0.73) 4.8a (0.86) .79a (0.21) .91b (0.14) 1.90b (0.55) 3.00a (0.69) 3.09a (1.11) 2.22b .24a .67a

Note: Values in the same row and subtable not sharing the same subscript are significantly different at p<0.05 in the two-sided test of equality for column means. Cells with no subscript are not included in the test. Tests assume equal variances.2

1. This category is not used in comparisons because the sum of case weights is less than two

2. Tests are adjusted for all pairwise comparisons within a row of each innermost subtable using the Bonferroni correction