Table 1.

Data collection and time points.

Measures		Instrument	Recruitment screener	Baseline	3 months post baseline	6 months post baseline	12 months post partum
Primary and Secondary Outcomesa
	Depressive symptoms	Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ-8) [40]	X		X	X
	Moderate/vigorous intensity physical activity	ActiGraph GT3X+ (7 days); Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) [41]		X	X	X
Additional Outcomes
	Perceived stress	Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) [42]		X	X	X
	Anxiety symptoms	Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) [43]		X	X	X
	Sleep quality and duration	Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) [44]		X	X	X
	Mother and infant bonding	Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS) [45]		X	X
	Infant development at 12 months	Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ-3) [46]					X
	Participant satisfaction				X
Potential Mediators for Physical Activity (PA)
	Self-efficacy	Modified self-efficacy to overcome barriers to PA Scale [47]		X	X
	Perceived barriers	Modified barriers to being physically active scale [47]		X	X
Potential Effect Modifiers
	Physical activity before pregnancy	Stanford Leisure-Time Activity Categorical Item (L-Cat) [48], modified to reflect year before pregnancy		X
	Physical activity during pregnancy	Stanford L-Cat, modified to reflect pregnancy		X
Covariates and Confounders
	Demographic characteristics (survey-based: number of children and ages, race/ethnicity, education, income, employment, marital status; electronic health record–based: maternal age)	N/Ab		X
	Baseline infant development	Mobility and behavior questions		X
	Social support for PA	Modified family or friend support for participation in exercise scale [47,49]		X
	COVID-19 stress and coping mechanisms	N/A		X
	Health behaviors (smoking, alcohol, breastfeeding)	N/A		X	X	X
Adverse Event Reporting
	Injuries or illness related to exercise	N/A			X	X

^aPrimary outcomes were depressive symptoms and device-based physical activity (PA) measured at the 3-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes were depressive symptoms and device-based PA at the 6-month follow-up and self-reported PA at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups.

^bNot applicable.