Table 1.

Baseline information

Data	n	Control group (n = 53)	Observation group (n = 53)	t/Z/χ2 values	P-value
Age (years)		63.00 [58.00, 65.00]	62.00 [58.00, 67.00]	0.013	0.992
Gender
Male	57	28	29	0.038	0.846
Women	49	25	24
BMI (kg/m2)		5.00 [5.00, 6.00]	5.00 [4.00, 7.00]	-0.370	0.708
Duration of illness (years)		5.00 [4.25, 6.00]	5.00 [4.00, 6.00]	-0.317	0.747
Educational attainment
≥ High School	31	15	16	0.046	0.831
< High School	75	38	37
ASA classification
II	50	25	25	0.001	> 0.999
III	56	28	28
NYHA Classification
II	55	26	29	0.340	0.560
III	51	27	24
Etiology
Degenerative valve disease	23	12	11	0.056	0.814
Rheumatic Valve Disease	83	41	42
Diabetes
Yes	17	9	8	0.070	0.791
No	89	44	45
High blood pressure
Yes	22	11	11	0.001	> 0.999
No	84	42	42

Note: BMI, Body Mass Index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; NYHA, New York Heart Association Functional Classification.