Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Micra AV | DC-TV | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 7552 | 110 558 | |
| Patient characteristic | |||
| Age at implant, mean ± SD (range) | 79.0 ± 10.2 (21–105) | 78.7 ± 8.0 (23–106) | 0.0146 |
| Female | 3635 (48.1%) | 51 650 (46.7%) | 0.0171 |
| Patient comorbidity | |||
| ESRD | 1126 (14.9%) | 2191 (2.0%) | <0.0001 |
| Renal dysfunction | 3621 (47.9%) | 37 852 (34.2%) | <0.0001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 3750 (49.7%) | 53 761 (48.6%) | 0.0835 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1927 (25.5%) | 21 824 (19.7%) | <0.0001 |
| Tricuspid valve disease | 1572 (20.8%) | 21 971 (19.9%) | 0.0472 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3050 (40.4%) | 49.823 (45.1%) | <0.0001 |
| Left bundle branch block | 682 (9.0%) | 8056 (7.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Supraventricular tachycardia | 624 (8.3%) | 12 164 (11.0%) | <0.0001 |
| Ventricular arrhythmia | 1043 (13.8%) | 18 034 (16.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Prior acute myocardial infarction | 1274 (16.9%) | 15 494 (14.0%) | <0.0001 |
| Prior coronary artery bypass graft | 796 (10.5%) | 12 515 (11.3%) | 0.0382 |
| Prior TAVR | 206 (2.7%) | 1910 (1.7%) | <0.0001 |
| Prior percutaneous coronary intervention | 1023 (13.5%) | 15 339 (13.9%) | 0.4246 |
| Diabetes | 3487 (46.2%) | 42 323 (38.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Congestive heart failure | 3127 (41.4%) | 33 784 (30.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 1867 (24.7%) | 22 882 (20.7%) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 5598 (74.1%) | 84 927 (76.8%) | <0.0001 |
| Hypertension | 6778 (89.8%) | 99 075 (89.6%) | 0.7047 |
| COVID-19 | 631 (8.4%) | 5855 (5.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, mean ± SD (range) | 5.0 ± 3.4 (0–20) | 3.9 ± 3.0 (0–21) | <0.0001 |
| Implant encounter characteristic | |||
| Inpatient implant | 5177 (68.6%) | 58 740 (53.1%) | <0.0001 |
| Weekend implant | 295 (3.9%) | 4138 (3.7%) | 0.4697 |
| Emergency admission | 1171 (15.5%) | 11 577 (10.5%) | <0.0001 |
| Concomitant atrial ablation | 445 (5.9%) | 2404 (2.2%) | <0.0001 |
| Concomitant TAVR | 391 (5.2%) | 3645 (3.3%) | <0.0001 |
| Use of temporary pacing during implant hospitalization | 1100 (14.6%) | 8432 (7.6%) | <0.0001 |
| Use of life-saving procedures during implant hospitalization | 2603 (34.5%) | 22 832 (20.7%) | <0.0001 |
| AV block indicationa | 5607 (74.2%) | 52 652 (47.6%) | <0.0001 |
Concomitant procedures occurred during the same encounter as the pacemaker implantation. Live-saving procedures consist of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation/life support, use of critical care services, and use of ventilator and ventilation assistance.
AV, atrioventricular; DC-TV, dual-chamber transvenous pacemaker; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; SD, standard deviation; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement.
aResult of indication algorithm published in Tonegawa et al.12