Table.
Characteristics of non-pregnant participants with abnormal chest X-ray results in eight communities in Uganda and their ability and willingness to provide expectorated sputum.
| Characteristic* | Group 1: unable to expectorate | Group 2: declined to provide sputum | Group 3: provided expectorated sputum | P-value (Groups 1+2 vs 3)† | P-value (Group 1 vs 3)† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Total | 551 (7.4) | 213 (2.8) | 6,746 (89.8) | ||
| Female sex (n = 3,540) | 312 (8.8) | 114 (3.2) | 3,114 (88.0) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Age, years, median [IQR] (n = 7,510) | 50 [35–65] | 50 [38–62] | 51 [38–65] | 0.08 | 0.17 |
| Prior TB (n = 432) | 20 (4.6) | 13 (3.0) | 399 (92.4) | 0.07 | 0.03 |
| Known TB contact within one year (n = 93) | 10 (10.8) | 2 (2.2) | 81 (87.0) | 0.38 | 0.21 |
| Cough‡ (n = 3,310) | 190 (5.7) | 83 (2.5) | 3,037 (91.8) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| Fever (subjective)‡ (n = 1,750) | 126 (7.2) | 60 (3.4) | 1,564 (89.4) | 0.47 | 0.87 |
| Night sweats‡ (n = 471) | 39 (8.3) | 12 (2.6) | 420 (89.2) | 0.63 | 0.43 |
| Weight loss‡ (n = 309) | 27 (8.7) | 6 (1.9) | 276 (89.3) | 0.76 | 0.36 |
| Known HIV infection§ (n = 645) | 46 (7.1) | 24 (3.7) | 575 (89.1) | 0.55 | 0.89 |
| Current smoker¶ (n/N = 95/913) | 1 (0.1) | – | 94 (98.9) | 0.43 | 0.61 |
| qXR score ≥ 0.9 (n = 1,104) | 43 (3.9) | 24 (2.2) | 1,037 (93.9) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
| qXR score ≥ 0.5 (n = 2,682) | 138 (5.1) | 56 (2.1) | 2,488 (92.8) | <0.01 | <0.01 |
*
For binary variables (e.g., sex), numbers and percentages for one of the two categories (e.g., female) are presented, along with P-values comparing the distribution of the variable across the groups listed on the top row.
‡
Within the last 30 days.
†
From χ2 test for categorical variables and t-test for a continuous variable.
§
By self-report.
¶
Only asked for participants enrolled after November 11, 2023.
IQR = interquartile range.