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. 2024 Oct 21;25(1):2418287. doi: 10.1080/14686996.2024.2418287

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© 2024 The Author(s). Published by National Institute for Materials Science in partnership with Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 6. — Experimental verification of the cytotoxicity of ammonium-type ionic liquids (ILs). (a) Chemical structures of the cations. The anion was trifluoromethylsulfonylimide (TFSI), except for IL109 (fluorosulfonylimide, FSI). Those shown in red and blue colors are predicted to be toxic (viability <60%) and less toxic (viability >60%), respectively. IL273, 274, 275, 276, and 277 were not listed in the initial dataset; therefore, their cytotoxicity was not predicted. (b,c) experimentally determined viability data of the ammonium ILs at (b) 1 h and (c) 24 h. Error bars represent standard deviations of N = 3.