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. 2024 Nov 9;11:2181–2198. doi: 10.2147/JHC.S479463

Figure 1.

Figure 1

2,2’-Bipy derivatives NPS (1–6) inhibited the viability and proliferation of HepG2 cell lines. (A) Effects of various doses of the derivatives NPS (1–6) on the cell viability of HepG2 cells. The total percentage of cells was measured using an MTT assay. A dose-dependent decrease was observed in cell viability after treatment at 48 h; (B) Effects of the derivatives NPS (1–6) at three doses 0.5 × IC50, IC50, and 2 × IC50 on the cell proliferation of HepG2 cells by colony formation assay using crystal violet dye. A dose-dependent decrease in colony numbers appears with an increase in concentration. (C) Colony formation capacity of HepG2 cells after treatment with the derivatives. The asterisks shown are significant when calculated for their colony formation capacity when compared to the control. The data from three independent experiments were presented as mean ± SD, with statistical differences indicated compared to the control group. The p-value ≤ 0.0001 (****) indicates significance.