FIGURE 2.

Nanomedicines and their immune regulatory role in osteoarthritis. This figure depicts the multifaceted mechanisms of action of nanomedicines in the regulation of immune responses within the pathophysiological context of osteoarthritis. It illustrates the targeted delivery and sustained release of nanoformulated drugs, highlighting their interactions with cellular and molecular components are integral to the inflammatory process and consequent cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis. The figure underscores the potential of nanomedicines to reduce inflammation by inhibiting these pathways and to enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of therapeutic agents, offering a strategic approach in osteoarthritis treatment.