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Main pathway of autophagy in SA-AKI. The signaling pathways related to autophagy in SA-AKI mainly include MAPK/mTOR, CaMK, SIRT and TLR4 signaling, which might be promising candidates for targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at SA-AKI in future clinical applications. MyD88, myeloid differentiation primary response 88; IRAK4, IL-1 receptor-associated kinase-4; TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor receptor- associated factor 6; TAK1, transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1.
