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. 2024 Oct 31;15:1487576. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1487576

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Copyright © 2024 Liu, Tan, Yang, Tian, Li, Wang, Yang, Ma and Zhang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The Normal Metabolism in Renal TECs. TECs can absorb long-chain fatty acids via transport proteins, which are then oxidized within the mitochondria. This oxidative process yields acetyl-CoA and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). Acetyl-CoA enters the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, producing additional NADH, which subsequently drive the electron transport chain to generate ATP. CD36, CPTI, carnitine palmitoyl transferase I; CACT, carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase; CPT2, carnitine palmitoyl transferase 2; TCA cycle, tricarboxylic acid cycle; NADH, Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.