Table 5.

Inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza viruses using different disinfectants on material surfaces.

Environment	Virus	Disinfectant	Concentration (%)	Action time	Supplier	Country or region	Virus titer decrease (log10TCID50) or percentage (%)	References
\	SARS-CoV-2	EA	75	1 min	VWR Chemicals BDH	USA	≥1.83 ± 0.29	Chan et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	EA	75	5 min	VWR Chemicals BDH	USA	≥2.00 ± 0.29	Chan et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	H2O2 3.0%	1.5	15 s	United States Pharmacopeia	USA	1.33	Bidra et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	H2O2 6.0%	3	15 s	United States Pharmacopeia	USA	1.00	Bidra et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	Bleach	10	1 min	Kao	Japan	≥3.25 ± 0.00	Chan et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	Hand wash	-	1 min	Walch	Germany	≥0.83 ± 0.29	Chan et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	Hand wash	-	5 min	Walch	Germany	≥0.92 ± 0.14	Chan et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	Advanced hand sanitizer	-	1 min	Purell	USA	≥2.50 ± 0.0	Chan et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	Liquid hand soap (Funchem)	-	5 min	Funchem	HKSAR	≥2.50 ± 0.0	Chan et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	Liquid hand soap (Funchem)	-	1 min	Funchem	HKSAR	≥2.00 ± 1.56	Chan et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	Formalin	10	1 min	Thermo fisher	USA	≥1.25 ± 0.00	Chan et al. (2020)
In Vitro	SARS-CoV-2	EA	40, 60, 80	5 s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	>4.50	Hirose et al. (2021a)
In Vitro	SARS-CoV-2	EA	20	60s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	0.33 ± 0.14	Hirose et al. (2021a)
In Vitro	SARS-CoV-2	IPA	70	5 s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	>4.50	Hirose et al. (2021a)
In Vitro	SARS-CoV-2	CHG	0.2; 1	60s	Saraya	Kyoto	0.58 ± 0.14; 1.83 ± 0.29	Hirose et al. (2021a)
In Vitro	SARS-CoV-2	BAC	0.05; 0.2	60s	Yakuhan Pharmaceutical	Japan	2.17 ± 0.29; 3.00 ± 0.43	Hirose et al. (2021a)
\	SARS-CoV-2	PVP-I 1.0% Oral Rinse	1	15 s	Veloce BioPharma	Fort Lauderdale	>4.33	Bidra et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	PVP-I 2.5% Oral Rinse	1.25	15 s	Veloce BioPharma	Fort Lauderdale	>4.33	Bidra et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	PVP-I 3.0% Oral Rinse	1.5	15 s	Veloce BioPharma	Fort Lauderdale	>4.33	Bidra et al. (2020)
\	SARS-CoV-2	oral disinfectant PVP-I	1	1 min	\	\	>4.00	Wang et al. (2021)
\	SARS-CoV-2	oral disinfectant PVP-I	1	1 min	Veloce BioPharma	Fort Lauderdale	>4.00	Wang et al. (2021)
\	SARS-CoV-2	Hexadecyl Pyridine Chloride	0.1	2 min	\	\	>5.00
In Vitro	H3N2	EA	40, 60, 80	5 s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	>4.10	Hirose et al. (2021a)
In Vitro	H3N2	EA	20	60s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	0.06 ± 0.07	Hirose et al. (2021a)
In Vitro	H5N1, H7N9, H5N3, H5N9, H3N2, H1N1	EA	40, 60, 80	15 s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	>4.00	Bandou et al. (2022)
In Vitro	H7N9, H5N3, H5N9, H3N2, H1N1	EA	36	15 s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	>4.00	Bandou et al. (2022)
In Vitro	H5N1-Ky, H5N1-Eg	EA	36	15 s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	1.77–2.57	Bandou et al. (2022)
In Vitro	H7N9, H5N3, H5N9, H3N2, H1N1	EA	34	15 s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	1.46–1.60	Bandou et al. (2022)
In Vitro	H5N1-Ky, H5N1-Eg	EA	34	15 s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	0.28–0.29	Bandou et al. (2022)
In Vitro	H3N2	IPA	70	5 s	Nacalai Tesque	Kyoto	>4.10	Hirose et al. (2021a)
In Vitro	H5N1, H7N9, H5N3, H5N9, H3N2, H1N1	CHG	1.0	15 s	Saraya	Kyoto	1.05–1.59	Bandou et al. (2022)
In Vitro	H3N2	CHG	0.2; 1	60s	Saraya	Kyoto	0.19 ± 0.07; 0.40 ± 0.06	Hirose et al. (2021a)
In Vitro	H5N1, H7N9, H5N3, H5N9, H3N2, H1N1	BAC	0.2	15 s	Yakuhan Pharmaceutical	Japan	2.95–3.50
In Vitro	H3N2	BAC	0.05; 0.2	60s	Yakuhan Pharmaceutical	Japan	2.71 ± 0.09; >4.07	Hirose et al. (2021a)

EA, ethanol; IPA, isopropanol; CHG, chlorhexidine gluconate; BAC, benzalkonium chloride; PVP-I, povidone-iodine.