. 2024 Nov 13;14:27878. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-79049-z

Table 2.

Interactive modifying effects of SDNN and post-injury surgical intervention status with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) status in patients with physical injuries.

PTSD status	Surgical intervention	SDNN	N, Patient	No. (%), PTSD	Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
PTSD status	Surgical intervention	SDNN	N, Patient	No. (%), PTSD	Unadjusted	Adjusted^a
Any PTSD	Received	Higher (> 22 ms)	124	17 (13.7)	Ref	Ref
	Received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	144	15 (10.4)	0.73 (0.35–1.53)	0.61 (0.26–1.43)
	Not received	Higher (> 22 ms)	137	7 (5.1)	Ref	Ref
	Not received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	133	19 (14.3)	3.10 (1.26–7.63)*	3.55 (1.17–10.76)*
PTSD at 3-month	Received	Higher (> 22 ms)	124	15 (11.2)	Ref	Ref
	Received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	144	13 (9.1)	0.82 (0.32–2.04)	0.78 (0.31–1.95)
	Not received	Higher (> 22 ms)	137	4 (2.9)	Ref	Ref
	Not received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	133	13 (9.8)	3.06 (1.19–7.86)*	3.24 (1.35–8.10)*
PTSD at 6-month	Received	Higher (> 22 ms)	119	10 (8.4)	Ref	Ref
	Received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	144	7 (4.9)	0.54 (0.21–1.51)	0.56 (0.18–1.73)
	Not received	Higher (> 22 ms)	134	4 (3.0)	Ref	Ref
	Not received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	130	13 (10.1)	3.61 (1.15–11.38)*	6.75 (1.53–29.79)^†
PTSD at 12-month	Received	Higher (> 22 ms)	115	7 (6.1)	Ref	Ref
	Received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	137	6 (4.3)	0.51 (0.16–1.59)	0.58 (0.16–2.13)
	Not received	Higher (> 22 ms)	129	2 (1.6)	Ref	Ref
	Not received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	125	9 (7.2)	3.12 (1.04–11.88)*	3.24 (1.53–10.59)*
PTSD at 24-month	Received	Higher (> 22 ms)	109	4 (3.7)	Ref	Ref
	Received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	126	3 (1.6)	0.44 (0.16–1.87)	0.40 (0.07–2.36)
	Not received	Higher (> 22 ms)	120	2 (1.7)	Ref	Ref
	Not received	Lower (≤ 22 ms)	118	3 (2.6)	2.18 (0.26–27.99)	1.84 (0.34–33.21)

^aAdjusted for age, sex, education, previous psychiatric disorders, previous traumatic events, number of physical disorders, scores on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and heart rate. *P < 0.05; ^†P < 0.01.