Summary of findings for the main comparison. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute traumatic brain injury.
| Hyperbaric oxygen therapy for acute traumatic brain injury | ||||||
| Patient or population: Patients with acute traumatic brain injury Settings: Patients admitted to acute neurosurgical intensive care Intervention: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy | ||||||
| Outcomes | Illustrative comparative risks* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | No of participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
| Assumed risk | Corresponding risk | |||||
| Control | Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy | |||||
| Death at any time in trial period case mortality count Follow‐up: 2 to 52 weeks | Study population | RR 0.69 (0.54 to 0.88) | 385 (4 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊝ moderate1 | ||
| 414 per 1000 | 286 per 1000 (224 to 364) | |||||
| Low risk population | ||||||
| 160 per 1000 | 110 per 1000 (86 to 141) | |||||
| High risk population | ||||||
| 500 per 1000 | 345 per 1000 (270 to 440) | |||||
| Favourable outcome GOS <9 or similar Follow‐up: 1 to 12 months | Study population | RR 1.94 (0.92 to 4.08)2 | 380 (4 studies) | |||
| 337 per 1000 | 654 per 1000 (310 to 1000) | |||||
| Low risk population | ||||||
| 100 per 1000 | 194 per 1000 (92 to 408) | |||||
| High risk population | ||||||
| 500 per 1000 | 970 per 1000 (460 to 1000) | |||||
| *The basis for the assumed risk (e.g. the median control group risk across studies) is provided in footnotes. The corresponding risk (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: Confidence interval; RR: Risk ratio | ||||||
| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence High quality: Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect. Moderate quality: Further research is likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate. Low quality: Further research is very likely to have an important impact on our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate. Very low quality: We are very uncertain about the estimate. | ||||||
1 Two of the contributing trials are more than 20 years old and assessed as at high risk of bias in some dimensions 2 Note that this is the RR for a favourable outcome with HBOT. In the main text this has been presented as the RR of an unfavourable outcome in order to maintain consistency in the graphical direction of effects through all outcomes.