Table 1.

List of 35 butterfly species, GenBank accession numbers, specimen origin, family, and reference for sequences used in reconstruction of phylogenetic trees (Figure 3).

Species name	GenBank accession number	Specimen origin	Family	Reference
Acraea zetes	KT371361	UK	Nymphalidae	Timmermans, Lees, et al. (2016)
Ancema ctesia	ON710999	China	Lycaenidae	Liu C (unpublished)
Anthocharis mandschurica	MT499329	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Zhou et al. (2020)
Apodemia mormo	KJ647171	N America	Riodinidae	Kim and Kim (2016)
Aporia hastata	OP373108	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Jia et al. (2023)
Apostictopterus fuliginosus	MH985707	China	Hesperiidae	Han et al. (2018)
Appias lalage	MF576060	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Zhang et al. (2019)
Baltia butleri	MH380204	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Nie et al. (2018)
Carterocephalus silvicola	KJ629163	Korea	Hesperiidae	Kim et al. (2014)
Cepora nadina	OP779722	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Wei et al. (2022)
Coenonympha tullia	KM592972	China	Nymphalidae	Timmermans, Viberg, et al. (2016)
Colias erate	KP715146	China	Pieridae: Coliadinae	Wu et al. (2016)
Curetis acuta	MZ196213	China	Lycaenidae	Weng Q (unpublished)
Delias pasithoe	MK252291	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Wang J (unpublished)
Dercas lycorias	OR263671	China	Pieridae: Coliadinae	Wei et al. (2022)
Dercas nina	OR797085	China	Pieridae: Coliadinae	This study
Dichorragia nesimachus	KF590541	Taiwan	Nymphalidae	Wu et al. (2014)
Dodona eugenes	MT890732	China	Riodinidae	Wei et al. (2021)
Gonepteryx amintha	OP526832	China	Pieridae: Coliadinae	Zhao Z (unpublished)
Hamadryas epinome	KM378244	Peru	Nymphalidae	Cally et al. (2016)
Ixias pyrene	OP779726	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Wei et al. (2022)
Junonia lemonias	KP941756	China	Nymphalidae	McCullagh and Marcus (2015)
Limenitis sydyi	KY593939	Taiwan	Nymphalidae	Chen et al. (2018)
Macrosoma conifera	MT852025	Costa Rica	Hedylidae	McCullagh et al. (2020)
Pachliopta aristolochiae	KU950357	China	Papilionidae	Li X, Xin T and Xia B (unpublished)
Papilio demoleus	KR024009	China	Papilionidae	Niu et al. (2016)
Pareronia anais	OP779723	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Wei et al. (2022)
Parnassius apollo	KF746065	China	Papilionidae	Wang et al. (2015)
Pieris napi	MT576638	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Yu et al. (2020)
Polyommatus amorata	ON411620	China	Lycaenidae	Chen WT (unpublished)
Polyura arja	KF590540	China	Nymphalidae	Wu et al. (2014)
Pontia daplidice	MH380207	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Nie et al. (2018)
Prioneris thestylis	OP779724	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Wei et al. (2022)
Talbotia naganum	MH380205	China	Pieridae: Pierinae	Nie et al. (2018)
Zemeros flegyas	MK521434	China	Riodinidae	Shi et al. (2020)