Fig. 4.

AH enhances neuroinflammation and up-regulates ChREBP expression in septic rats. a, b Hippocampal sections underwent IF staining at 48 h following CLP, followed by measurement of the number of cells positive for IBA1 and CD68. c–e Hippocampal pro-inflammatory cytokines levels (IL-1β, TNF-α, and HMGB1) were measured 48 h after CLP. n = 4. f–k Western blot assay indicates that AH upregulated the ChREBP, HIF-1α, HK2, PKM2, and iNOS expression 48 h after CLP. n = 3 in each group. Data are presented as mean ± SD. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001