Table 3.
Subgroup | Hip BMD | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Effect size | 95% CI | I2 | P value | ||
T score < -2.5 | No (n = 7) | 1.04 | 0.19, 1.89 | 96.3% | 0.016 |
Yes (n = 3) | 0.17 | -0.09, 0.42 | 0.0% | 0.201 | |
Intervention duration | ≤ 6 months (n = 6) | 0.50 | -0.21, 1.22 | 91.0% | 0.165 |
> 6 months (n = 4) | 1.10 | -0.02, 2.22 | 97.2% | 0.054 | |
Types of probiotics | Single-strain (n = 4) | 1.00 | -0.15, 2.16 | 95.9% | 0.088 |
Multiple-strain (n = 6) | 0.58 | -0.20, 1.35 | 94.4% | 1.144 | |
Region | Asia (n =5) | 0.61 | -0.26, 1.50 | 92.5% | 0.169 |
Europe (n = 5) | 0.87 | -0.03, 1.78 | 96.3% | 0.059 | |
Dosage of probiotics | ≥1 x 10^9 CFU/d (n = 7) | 1.04 | 0.19, 1.89 | 96.3% | 0.016 |
< 1 x 10^8 CFU/d (n = 3) | 0.17 | -0.09, 0.42 | 0.0% | 0.201 |
BMD, bone mineral density; CFU, colony forming unit; CI, confidence interval.