TABLE 1.

Clinical research of CU in the treatment of depression.

Treatment group	Control group	Sample size (treatment/control)	Treatment time (weeks)	Results	Reference
Low-dose Curcumin extract (250 mg, bid), high-dose curcumin extract (500 mg, bid), combined low-dose curcumin extract plus saffron (15 mg, bid)	Placebo	26, 30, 24/31	12	Improvements in depressive symptoms, STAI status, and STAI trait scores, especially in patients with atypical depression	Lopresti and Drummond (2017)
Fluoxetine (20 mg/d), curcumin (1,000 mg/d), fluoxetine (20 mg/d) + curcumin (1,000 mg/d)	Placebo	17, 16/18	6	Mean changes in HAM-D17 scores were comparable	Sanmukhani et al. (2014)
Nano‐curcumin (80 mg/d)	Placebo	35/37	8	The mean scores for depression and anxiety were both reduced	Asadi et al. (2020)
Curcumin (1 g/d, 4 g/d)	Placebo	15/15	4	Decrease in Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) score	Esmaily et al. (2015)
Curcumin (500 mg, bid)	Placebo	26/28	8	Decrease in MDA, hs-CRP, TAC, etc.	Farshbaf-Khalili et al. (2022)