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. 2024 Nov 14;14:28032. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-78092-0

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — UTI alleviated the profibrogenic phenotypes in TGF-β1-induced HK-2 cells. (A) The effects of different concentrations of UTI on HK-2 cells viability were detected by CCK-8 assay (**P < 0.01 for 10000 U/ml UTI vs. 0 U/ml UTI, ***P < 0.001 for 20000 U/ml UTI vs. 0 U/ml UTI). (B) The levels of Collagen I and α-SMA were detected by Western blot. (C and D) The analysis of grey value of Collagen I and α-SMA. Tubulin was used as the loading control (ns for P > 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). (E) The level of α-SMA was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining (Original magnification: × 200, scale: 50 μm). (F) The quantitative analysis of α-SMA positive area (***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001). (G and H) The scratch assays were performed to evaluate the effect of TGF-β1 and/or UTI on cell mobility. The leading edge is shown by the yellow lines after 0 and 24 h (***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001). (I and J) Transwell assays were performed to evaluate the effect of UTI on cell mobility (***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001). Results were presented as mean ± SD of three individual experiments. The full-length blots/gels are presented in Supplementary Fig. 2.