Table A18.
Fixed-Effect Panel Regression Analysis of Sanctions Impact on Hepatitis B Immunization Rates Among One-Year-Olds Lagged by 0-4 Years (Excluding One-Year Lag) in 76 Target Countries
| HepB | 0 Year | 2 Years | 3 Years | 4 Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US Sanctions | -0.0276 (0.0191) | -0.0254 (0.0200) | 0.0011 (0.0205) | 0.0086 (0.0207) |
| EU Sanctions | -0.0199 (0.0215) | -0.0040 (0.0220) | 0.0023 (0.0221) | 0.0039 (0.0220) |
| UN Sanctions | 0.0511 (0.0352) | 0.0559 (0.0369) | 0.0595 (0.0380) | 0.0498 (0.0398) |
| Intensity | -0.0060 (0.0070) | -0.0033 (0.0071) | 0.0034 (0.0071) | 0.0046 (0.0070) |
| Economic | -0.0339∗ (0.0192) | -0.0294 (0.0198) | -0.0137 (0.0200) | -0.0052 (0.0199) |
| Unilateral | -0.0214 (0.0209) | 0.0288 (0.0218) | -0.0215 (0.0219) | -0.0256 (0.0218) |
| Plurilateral | -0.0520∗ (0.0265) | -0.0205 (0.0265) | 0.0019 (0.0267) | 0.0186 (0.0270) |
p<0.01∗∗∗, p<0.05∗∗,
The values in parentheses indicate the standard errors. All right-hand-side variables are lagged by one year. Each model includes control variables, country-year effects, and year-fixed effects, though these are not displayed due to space constraints. Each row represents a distinct panel, with regression analysis conducted separately for each box, rather than combining all sanction-related variables into a single analysis per column.
∗
p<0.01.