Table 2.
Associations between total flavonoid intake and femur BMD in individuals ≥ 20 years
| Exposure: Total flavonoids quartiles |
Model 1 β (95% CI) P value |
Model 2 β (95% CI) P value |
Model 3 β (95% CI) P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total femur BMD | |||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Q2 | 0.007 (−0.002, 0.016) 0.103 | 0.010 (0.002, 0.017) 0.013 | 0.009 (0.002, 0.016) 0.004 |
| Q3 | 0.001 (−0.008, 0.010) 0.769 | 0.012 (0.005, 0.020) 0.001 | 0.010 (0.001, 0.019) < 0.011 |
| Q4 | 0.004 (−0.005, 0.013) 0.379 | 0.017 (0.009, 0.025) < 0.001 | 0.013 (0.004, 0.022) 0.001 |
| P for trend | 0.680 | < 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Femoral neck BMD | |||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Q2 | −0.000 (−0.009, 0.008) 0.985 | 0.004 (−0.003, 0.011) 0.242 | 0.003 (−0.002, 0.008) 0.102 |
| Q3 | −0.009 (−0.017, −0.000) 0.047 | 0.006 (−0.001, 0.013) 0.08247 | 0.007 (0.002, 0.012) 0.044 |
| Q4 | −0.003 (−0.011, 0.006) 0.496 | 0.012 (0.005, 0.019) < 0.001 | 0.010 (0.004, 0.017) 0.001 |
| P for trend | 0.205 | < 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Trochanter BMD | |||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Q2 | 0.007 (−0.000, 0.014) 0.065 | 0.009 (0.002, 0.016) 0.008 | 0.006 (−0.001, 0.012) 0.086 |
| Q3 | 0.004 (−0.003, 0.012) 0.244 | 0.012 (0.005, 0.019) < 0.001 |
0.007 (0.001, 0.014) 0.034 |
| Q4 | 0.009 (0.001, 0.016) 0.024 | 0.016 (0.010, 0.023) < 0.001 | 0.010 (0.004, 0.017) 0.001 |
| P for trend | 0.054 | < 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Intertrochanter BMD | |||
| Q1 | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Q2 | 0.009 (−0.002, 0.019) 0.093 | 0.011 (0.002, 0.020) 0.019 | 0.008 (0.002, 0.014) 0.031 |
| Q3 | 0.002 (−0.008, 0.012) 0.702 | 0.014 (0.005, 0.023) 0.003 | 0.010 (0.001, 0.018) 0.020 |
| Q4 | 0.003 (−0.007, 0.014) 0.513 | 0.018 (0.009, 0.028) < 0.001 | 0.012 (0.003, 0.020) 0.006 |
| P for trend | 0.833 | < 0.001 | 0.008 |
MEC weight was adjusted. Model 1: no covariates were adjusted. Model 2: age gender, and race/ethnicity were adjusted
Model 3: age, gender, race/ethnicity, BMI, PIR, education level, drinking behavior, smoking behavior, physical activities, total protein, serum calcium, serum uric acid, cholesterol, serum phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen, and HEI-2015
Abbreviations: BMD bone mineral density, BMI body mass index, PIR poverty and income ratio, HEI-2015 Healthy Eating Index-2015, MEC Mobile Examination Center