Table 1.
Baseline characteristic of participants categorised by incident disease status at follow-up
| Variable | Participants without CVD or cancer | Participants with cancer | Participants with CVD | Participants with CVD and cancer | P† | P‡ | P§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of participants | 499 | 209 | 817 | 104 | |||
| Age (years) | 42.8 (9.9) | 46.9 (8.9) | 47.4 (8.3) | 48.2 (7.7) | < 0.001 | 0.21 | 0.37 |
| Sex, n (%) | < 0.001 | 0.070 | 0.015 | ||||
| Male | 219 (43.9) | 119 (56.9) | 451 (55.2) | 71 (68.3) | |||
| Female | 280 (56.1) | 90 (43.1) | 366 (44.8) | 33 (31.7) | |||
| Smoking, n (%) | 0.0037 | 0.076 | 0.026 | ||||
| Male | 126 (25.3) | 85 (40.7) | 277 (33.9) | 46 (44.2) | |||
| Female | 41 (8.2) | 16 (7.7) | 61 (7.5) | 2 (1.9) | |||
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.3 (3.5) | 24.7 (4.0) | 25.5 (3.8) | 25.9 (3.6) | < 0.001 | 0.011 | 0.35 |
| Obesity status, n (%) | 69 (13.83) | 42 (20.1) | 218 (26.7) | 32 (30.8) | < 0.001 | 0.051 | 0.44 |
| Glucose status, n (%) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.071 | ||||
| Normal glucose tolerance | 194 (38.9) | 83 (39.7) | 197 (24.1) | 18 (17.3) | |||
| Impaired glucose tolerance | 164 (32.9) | 65 (31.1) | 266 (32.6) | 45 (43.3) | |||
| Type 2 diabetes | 141 (28.3) | 61 (29.2) | 354 (43.3) | 41 (39.4) | |||
| Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 6.0 (2.3) | 6.0 (2.4) | 6.8 (2.7) | 6.4 (2.3) | 0.11 | 0.20 | 0.13 |
| 1-h plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 10.6 (4.3) | 10.9 (4.6) | 12.4 (4.7) | 12.1 (4.0) | 0.0020 | 0.030 | 0.50 |
| 2-h plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 9.1 (4.5) | 9.3 (4.8) | 10.9 (5.0) | 10.5 (4.3) | 0.0030 | 0.038 | 0.44 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 124 (20.7) | 128 (21.5) | 135 (25.4) | 136 (24.5) | < 0.001 | 0.0050 | 0.64 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 82 (12.4) | 85 (13.8) | 88 (15.3) | 89 (15.0) | < 0.001 | 0.012 | 0.52 |
| Hypertension status, n (%) | 185 (37.1) | 93 (44.5) | 455 (55.7) | 58 (55.8) | 0.0010 | 0.078 | 1 |
| Plasma total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 (1.3) | 5.1 (1.4) | 5.2 (1.5) | 5.2 (1.1) | 0.069 | 0.64 | 1 |
Data are presented as means (standard deviations) for continuous variables and numbers (percentages) for categorical variables. P values comparing means were based on analysis of variance for continuous variables and the chi-squared test for categorical variables. †Participants without cancer or CVD vs. participants with cancer and CVD; ‡participants with cancer vs. participants with cancer and CVD; §participants with CVD vs. participants with cancer and CVD. Bold font indicates significant variables in the comparison
CVD, cardiovascular disease; BMI, body mass index
A Bonferroni-adjusted criterion of P < 0.05/13 = 0.0038 was used