Table 2.
The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of nonrandomized studies in our study
| Study | Year | Country | Type of Article | The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selection | Comparability | Exposure | ||||
| Deng et al. [16] | 2021 | China | Single-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * | * * * |
| Fan et al. [17] | 2023 | China | Multi-center, prospective and retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * * * | |
| Fujikawa et al. [18] | 2022 | Japan | Single-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * | * * |
| Hou et al. [19] | 2022 | China | Multi-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * | * * * |
| Jeon et al. [12] | 2021 | Korea | Multi-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * | * * * |
| Mikubo et al. [13] | 2023 | Japan | Single-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * * * | |
| Weng et al. [20] | 2020 | China | Single-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * | * |
| Woo et al. [21] | 2022 | Korea | Multi-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * * | * ** |
| Xu et al. [22] | 2022 | China | Single-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * | * * * |
| Yanagawa et al. [23] | 2022 | Japan | Single-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * * * | |
| Yoshida et al. [24] | 2022 | Japan | Single-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * | * * |
| Zhang et al. [25] | 2022 | China | Single-center, retrospective case-control study | * * * * | * | * * |
*:1 point