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. 2023 Nov 20;15(6):2417–2452. doi: 10.14336/AD.2023.1115

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Copyright: © 2024 Zhang et al.

this is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Figure 3. — Changes in osteocyte caused by aging. Osteocytes had the function of sensing mechanical load and secretion. With aging, osteocytes number decreased, and senescent osteocytes showed reduced dendrites. In addition, the secretion of senescent osteocytes changed. The increase of P21, P16, and SASPs promoted osteocyte senescence, the increase of Rankl promoted osteoclast formation, the increase of SOST and the decrease of CX43 inhibited bone formation, the increase of P53 promoted osteocyte apoptosis, and the decrease of Atg7 and Map11c3a inhibited autophagy.