Supplementary Table 1.

Established recommendations for reusing single-use devices

Recommending body	Recommendations	Reference
International Society of Infectious Disease	Reuse of disposables should not be an ad hoc practice or treated casually	Guide to infection control in the health-care setting https://isid.org/guide/#1610123027948-493391aa-45db
International society of infectious disease	A facility committed to the reuse of single-use devices should have an institution-specific policy and work with clear guidelines to ensure the safety of patients	Guide to infection control in the health-care setting https://isid.org/guide/#1610123027948-493391aa-45db
U.S. food and drug administration	Classifying reusable devices according to the intrinsic risk of their reprocessing as: Critical devices (contact with blood or normally sterile tissue); semi-critical devices (contact with mucous membranes); and noncritical devices (contact with unbroken skin)	https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/reprocessing-reusable-medical-devices/what-are-reusable-medical-devices https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-106hhrg62970/html/CHRG-106hhrg62970.htm
The Joint Commission International	Determine if the institution has the capability to demonstrate that the device can be adequately cleaned according to the material properties and cleaning methods available	https://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/
The Joint Commission International	Be aware that reprocessing and reuse may compromise the product’s performance, and the manufacturer is not liable when a product is not being used according to the manufacturer’s instructions	https://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/
The Joint Commission International	Detailed procedures, monitoring, and follow-up on adverse patient events which may be linked to this practice	https://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/
The Joint Commission International	Health-care organizations must have written policies on single-use medical device processing. Critical and semi-critical medical devices labeled as single-use are not reprocessed and reused unless a licensed re-processor does the reprocessing. Devices that cannot be cleaned safely should not be reused	https://www.jointcommissioninternational.org/
International Society of Infectious Disease	Single-use medical device reprocessing should entail disinfecting, cleaning, sterilizing, packaging, labeling, and storing a used or opened package of a medical device to be placed into service again	Guide to infection control in the health-care setting https://isid.org/guide/#1610123027948-493391aa-45db