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. 2024 Nov 15;14:28244. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-76597-2

Table 4.

Parameters estimate of the linear mixed models on the association between family members’ sleep.

TST (minutes) Sleep onset (hrs) Sleep offset (hrs) Sleep efficiency (%)
b (SE) p b (SE) p b (SE) p b (SE) p
Level 1
 Sibling’s daily sleep 0.18 (0.08) 0.032 0.48 (0.07) p < 0.001 0.25 (0.08) 0.002 0.04 (0.08) 0.647
 Mother’s daily sleep 0.19 (0.11) 0.080 0.20 (0.09) 0.026 0.21 (0.12) 0.088 0.04 (0.09) 0.645
 Father’s daily sleep 0.10 (0.09) 0.281 − 0.04 (0.05) 0.438 0.01 (0.07) 0.898 0.13 (0.09) 0.150
 Type of night (Free night) 18.81 (9.40) 0.047 0.30 (0.10) 0.004 0.84 (0.22) p < 0.001 0.32 (0.64) 0.621
Level 2
 Adolescent’s Age − 5.95 (2.34) 0.017 0.27 (0.05) p < 0.001 0.12 (0.03) 0.002 0.62 (0.24) 0.015
 Adolescent’s gender (Boy) − 47.86 (15.88) 0.006 0.66 (0.33) 0.060 0.16 (0.23) 0.490 − 3.56 (1.63) 0.038

Significant values are in bold.

Hrs decimal hours, b (SE) regression estimate and standard error, TST Total Sleep Time, WASO Wake after sleep onset, SOL Sleep onset latency. Type of night is a two category variable distinguishing Work nights (nights preceding a day of work or a day of school, dummy coded as 1) and free nights (night preceding a free day, reference, dummy coded as 0). Gender was a two category variable with girl group as reference (dummy coded as 0) and boy (dummy coded as 1).