Table 2.

Correlation of study variables (N = 1049).

Variables	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Gender	1.000
Grade	−0.002	1.000
Major	0.242**	− 0.065*	1.000
Course	− 0.004	0.259**	0.067*	1.000
LM	− 0.068*	− 0.190**	− 0.005	− 0.030	1.000
OLE	− 0.123**	− 0.157**	− 0.035	− 0.025	0.684**	1.000
AP	− 0.153**	− 0.131**	− 0.085**	− 0.007	0.623**	0.759**	1.000
PE	− 0.145**	− 0.115**	− 0.106**	0.011	0.558**	0.677**	0.759**	1.000

Notes: LM = Learning motivation; OLE = Online learning engagement; AP = active personality; PE = positive emotions.