Table 2.
Group comparisons between PwMS with lower disability (MS-L) and higher disability (MS-H) for MRI measures: structural volumetric measurements and DTI-ALPS indices.
| MS | MS-L | MS-H | Effect size (d) | p-FDR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GMF (%) | 41.2 (3.5) | 41.9 (3.2) | 40.5 (3.6) | −0.41 (−0.79, −0.02) | 0.04 |
| Total WMF (%) | 36.5 (3.5) | 36.7 (3.5) | 36.3 (3.4) | −0.19 (−0.57, 0.20) | 0.3 |
| BPF (%) | 77.7 (5.2) | 78.6 (5.4) | 76.8 (4.8) | −0.42 (−0.81, −0.03) | 0.04 |
| CTh (mm) | 2.17 (0.18) | 2.22 (0.16) | 2.12 (0.18) | −0.54 (−0.94, −0.15) | 0.01 |
| DGM (mL) | 18.8 (3.1) | 19.8 (2.7) | 17.9 (3.3) | −0.7 (−1.09, −0.30) | 0.001 |
| LV (mL) | 8.3 (4.2) | 7.3 (3.5) | 9.2 (4.6) | 0.47 (−0.08, 0.86) | 0.03 |
| Lesion load (mL) | 12.8 (14.6) | 7.1 (9.7) | 18.1 (16.3) | 0.79 (0.39, 1.18) | 0.001 |
| Left DTI-ALPS | 1.25 (0.16) | 1.30 (0.16) | 1.20 (0.14) | −0.74 (−1.14, −0.35) | 0.001 |
| Right DTI-ALPS | 1.20 (0.14) | 1.24 (0.14) | 1.17 (0.13) | −0.57 (−0.96, −0.18) | 0.008 |
| Mean DTI-ALPS | 1.22 (0.14) | 1.27 (0.14) | 1.18 (0.13) | −0.71 (−1.11, −0.31) | 0.001 |
MS-L: lower disability group; MS-H: higher disability group; p-FDR: false discovery rate adjusted p-value; GMF: gray matter fraction; WMF: white matter fraction; BPF: brain parenchymal fraction; CTh: cortical thickness; DGM: deep gray matter; LV: lateral ventricle; DTI-ALPS: diffusivity along perivascular spaces index.
Subject means for the whole group are first provided (MS, n = 118), and then divided into lower disability (MS-L, n = 57) and higher disability (MS-H, n = 61) groups for comparisons.