Table 2.

HRs (95% CIs) for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality according to dietary niacin intake quartiles.

Outcomes	Dietary niacin intake, mg/day				P value for trend
	Quintile 1 (< 16.51)	Quintile 2 (16.51–22.45)	Quintile 3 (22.46–30.15)	Quintile 4 (≥ 30.16)
All-cause mortality
Unadjusted HR	1 [Ref]	0.82(0.71–0.95)	0.65(0.58–0.74)	0.42(0.36–0.49)	< 0.001
P value		0.007	< 0.001	< 0.001
Model 1 h	1 [Ref]	0.89(0.79–1.01)	0.78(0.69–0.89)	0.71(0.61–0.83)	< 0.001
P value		0.065	< 0.001	< 0.001
Model 2 h	1 [Ref]	0.88(0.79–0.99)	0.80(0.71–0.91)	0.74(0.63–0.86)	< 0.001
P value		0.039	0.001	< 0.001
Cardiovascular mortality
Unadjusted HR	1 [Ref]	0.79(0.62–1.01)	0.63(0.51–0.77)	0.34(0.25–0.45)	< 0.001
P value		0.063	< 0.001	< 0.001
Model 1 h	1 [Ref]	0.89(0.71–1.11)	0.81(0.67–0.98)	0.68(0.52–0.88)	0.001
P value		0.299	0.029	0.004
Model 2 h	1 [Ref]	0.90(0.72–1.12)	0.86(0.71–1.05)	0.73(0.57–0.95)	0.011
P value		0.328	0.136	0.017
HR, Hazard ratio; Ref, reference; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate. Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational level, smoking, alcohol consumption and BMI. Model 2 was further adjusted for disease conditions (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, and cancer) and eGFR. P value for trend was obtained from Cox models with the medians of each dietary niacin intake quartile as a continuous variable.