Table 2. Cerebrospinal fluid flow distances on time-spatial labeling inversion pulse images.
Site of Time-SLIP image |
Observation point of CSF flow a) | Presence | Flow distance (mm) b) |
|||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | Maximum | Minimum | ||||
MA | I c) | 1 | NE | NE | NE | NE |
1’ | NE | NE | NE | NE | ||
II | 2 | 0/6 | - | - | - | |
2’ | 2/6 | 1.47 (0.88, 2.06) | 2.01 (0.96, 3.07) | 0.66 (0.51, 0.81) | ||
III | 3 | 5/6 | 1.24 (0.98, 4.21) | 2.22 (1.13, 4.61) | 0.86 (0.41, 3.55) | |
3’ | 5/6 | 1.06 (0.82, 1.95) | 1.45 (0.99, 2.14) | 0.78 (0.41, 1.81) | ||
IV | 4 | 6/6 | 2.43 (1.07, 3.29) | 2.96 (1.49, 7.52) | 1.47 (0.77, 1.88) | |
4’ | 5/6 | 1.36 (0.72, 4.07) | 3.80 (0.78, 5.74) | 0.77 (0.68, 0.88) | ||
CCJ | V | 5 | 0/6 | - | - | - |
5’ | 3/6 | 0.65 (0.48, 1.51) | 0.78 (0.48, 1.69) | 0.51 (0.48, 1.33) | ||
VI | 6 | 3/6 | 0.64 (0.62, 5.60) | 0.88 (0.85, 5.79) | 0.47 (0.46, 5.37) | |
6’ | 5/6 | 2.79 (1.38, 7.60) | 4.23 (2.09, 8.52) | 1.32 (0.90, 6.43) | ||
VII | 7 | 4/6 | 0.71 (0.62, 0.95) | 0.81 (0.65, 1.13) | 0.62 (0.60, 0.80) | |
7’ | 0/6 | - | - | - | ||
VIII | 8 | 5/6 | 0.83 (0.70, 1.42) | 0.99 (0.72, 1.64) | 0.74 (0.49, 1.17) | |
8’ | 0/6 | - | - | - |
a) I: third ventricle; II: SAS ventral to the frontal lobe of the cerebrum; III: MA; IV: ventral brainstem SAS; V: fourth ventricle; VI: ventral brainstem SAS; VII: dorsal cervical SAS; VIII: ventral cervical SAS. At each point, the caudal and rostral flows were recorded as Arabic and apostrophized Arabic numbers, respectively. b) Data are expressed as median values with minimum and maximum values in parentheses. c) In 3/6 dogs, the presence of CSF flow in the third ventricle (observation point I) was not evaluated because all areas of the third ventricle were included in the tag. Therefore, the third ventricle was excluded from the CSF flow evaluation. CCJ, the craniocervical junction; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MA, the mesencephalic aqueduct; NE, not evaluated; SAS, the subarachnoid space; time-SLIP, time-spatial labeling inversion pulse.