Table 2.
Preindex Clinical Characteristics by Racial Groups
| Characteristic | Optum Commercial |
IBM Medicaid |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White (n=46,139) | Black (n=17,297) | P-Valuea | White (n=7353) | Black (n=16,776) | P-Valuea | |
| CCI score, n (%) | <.0001 | <.0001 | ||||
| 0 | 35,518 (77.0) | 12,968 (75.0) | 4026 (54.8) | 9810 (58.5) | ||
| 1 | 6999 (15.2) | 2845 (16.4) | 1962 (26.7) | 4052 (24.2) | ||
| 2 | 2274 (4.9) | 759 (4.4) | 691 (9.4) | 1279 (7.6) | ||
| 3+ | 1348 (2.9) | 725 (4.2) | 674 (9.2) | 1635 (9.7) | ||
| CCI score, mean (SD) | 0.4 (0.9) | 0.4 (1.1) | <.0001 | 0.8 (1.4) | 0.8 (1.5) | NS |
| Most common individual CCI comorbidities, n (%) | ||||||
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 4700 (10.2) | 1783 (10.3) | NS | 2006 (27.3) | 3697 (22.0) | <.0001 |
| Diabetes without chronic complication | 2596 (5.6) | 1589 (9.2) | <.0001 | 1107 (15.1) | 2736 (16.3) | .0143 |
| Any malignancy, including lymphoma and leukemia, except malignant neoplasm of skin | 1594 (3.5) | 354 (2.0) | <.0001 | 232 (3.2) | 386 (2.3) | .0001 |
| Comorbidities related to women's health, n (%) | ||||||
| Infertility | 1097 (2.4) | 451 (2.6) | NS | 35 (0.5) | 135 (0.8) | .0050 |
| Pregnancy | 1948 (4.2) | 927 (5.4) | <.0001 | 528 (7.2) | 1385 (8.3) | .0044 |
| Uterine rupture | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NS | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | NS |
| Endometriosis | 2486 (5.4) | 707 (4.1) | <.0001 | 318 (4.3) | 322 (1.9) | <.0001 |
| Uterine polyps | 2123 (4.6) | 500 (2.9) | <.0001 | 242 (3.3) | 310 (1.8) | <.0001 |
| Adenomyosis | 501 (1.1) | 164 (0.9) | NS | 137 (1.9) | 153 (0.9) | <.0001 |
| Bulk symptoms, n (%) | ||||||
| Bulk symptoms | 22,983 (49.8) | 8586 (49.6) | NS | 5665 (77.0) | 11,477 (68.4) | <.0001 |
| Abdominal distention | 1171 (2.5) | 328 (1.9) | <.0001 | 222 (3.0) | 336 (2.0) | <.0001 |
| Backache | 8262 (17.9) | 2886 (16.7) | .0003 | 2894 (39.4) | 4816 (28.7) | <.0001 |
| Constipation | 1829 (4.0) | 894 (5.2) | <.0001 | 730 (9.9) | 1644 (9.8) | NS |
| Increased abdominal girth | 1826 (4.0) | 653 (3.8) | NS | 339 (4.6) | 665 (4.0) | .0207 |
| Leg pain | 4537 (9.8) | 1813 (10.5) | .0154 | 1624 (22.1) | 3129 (18.7) | <.0001 |
| Pelvic pressure/pain | 12,418 (26.9) | 4871 (28.2) | .0017 | 3990 (54.3) | 7916 (47.2) | <.0001 |
| Urinary frequency/incontinence | 4647 (10.1) | 1591 (9.2) | .0010 | 1427 (19.4) | 2416 (14.4) | <.0001 |
| Mental health disorder, n (%) | ||||||
| Anxiety | 6920 (15.0) | 1588 (9.2) | <.0001 | 2993 (40.7) | 2976 (17.7) | <.0001 |
| Depression | 5795 (12.6) | 1415 (8.2) | <.0001 | 2802 (38.1) | 3898 (23.2) | <.0001 |
| Gastrointestinal conditions, n (%) | ||||||
| Diarrhea | 2013 (4.4) | 629 (3.6) | <.0001 | 795 (10.8) | 1019 (6.1) | <.0001 |
| Nausea/vomiting | 3350 (7.3) | 1451 (8.4) | <.0001 | 1785 (24.3) | 3057 (18.2) | <.0001 |
| Other conditions, n (%) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 8824 (19.1) | 5309 (30.7) | <.0001 | 2398 (32.6) | 7389 (44.0) | <.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 8496 (18.4) | 3098 (17.9) | NS | 1794 (24.4) | 3196 (19.1) | <.0001 |
| Urinary tract infection | 5912 (12.8) | 2384 (13.8) | .0013 | 1840 (25.0) | 3717 (22.2) | <.0001 |
| Fatigue | 8664 (18.8) | 2774 (16.0) | <.0001 | 1748 (23.8) | 2844 (17.0) | <.0001 |
| Anemia | 1648 (3.6) | 1028 (5.9) | <.0001 | 331 (4.5) | 1180 (7.0) | <.0001 |
| Obesity | 5538 (12.0) | 3101 (17.9) | <.0001 | 1886 (25.6) | 4841 (28.9) | <.0001 |
CCI, Charlson Comorbidity Index; NS, not significant; SD, standard deviation.
a
Comparisons are White vs Black women.
Agarwal. Uterine fibroids with heavy menstrual bleeding stratified by race in a commercial and Medicaid database. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2024.