TABLE 2.
Differences of probands' characteristics according to the occurrence of AMS.
| Clinical and laboratory characteristics | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Never AMS group a | AMS group | p value | |
| Age (years) | 27 ± 5 | 25 ± 5 | 0.037 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22 (21–24) | 22 (21–24) | 0.412 |
| Heart rate increase b | 2 (−10 to 13) | 7 (0–17) | 0.004 |
| SaO2 decrease b | 13 (9–15) | 15 (11–17) | < 0.001 |
| Sample number at M1 | 19 | 32 | n.a. |
| pNfL at M1 (pg/mL) | 4.31 (3.04–5.74) | 4.81 (3.99–7.35) | 0.233 |
| NfL Z score M1 | −0.71 (−1.48 to 0.05) | −0.01 (−0.99 to 1.01) | 0.098 |
| Sample number at M2 | 18 | 30 | n.a. |
| pNfL at M2 (pg/mL) | 4.50 (3.34–5.85) | 4.66 (3.85–6.15) | 0.319 |
| NfL Z score M2 | −0.67 (−1.64 to 0.25) | 0.13 (−0.81 to 0.52) | 0.058 |
| pNfL increase C1 b | 0.27 (−0.18 to 0.50) | −0.17 (−1.40 to 0.52) | 0.163 |
| NfL Z score increase C1 b | 0.26 (−0.21 to 0.56) | −0.12 (−0.74 to 0.46) | 0.125 |
| Sample number at M3 | 19 | 25 | n.a. |
| pNfL at M3 (pg/mL) | 4.77 (3.89–8.01) | 6.69 (5.57–8.78) | 0.086 |
| NfL Z score M3 | −0.15 (−1.17 to 0.50) | 0.74 (0.00–1.34) | 0.022 |
| Sample number at M4 | 19 | 24 | n.a. |
| pNfL at M4 (pg/mL) | 5.75 (4.17–7.35) | 6.80 (6.20–8.13) | 0.048 |
| NfL Z score M4 | 0.25 (−0.95 to 1.08) | 1.02 (0.62–0.50) | 0.011 |
| pNfL increase C2 b | 0.16 (−0.81 to 1.19) | 0.19 (−1.23 to 1.71) | 0.990 |
| NfL Z score increase C2 b | 0.08 (−0.45 to 0.22) | 0.07 (−0.41 to 0.50) | 0.807 |
| pNfL increase total c | 0.91 (0.53–1.48) | 2.88 (1.21–3.48) | 0.022 |
| NfL Z score increase total | 0.78 (0.32–1.00) | 1.56 (0.53–2.45) | 0.072 |
Note: Data are depicted as median (IQR), mean ± standard deviation, as appropriate. Group comparisons were performed by the Mann–Whitney U test. p‐values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant and are marked bold.
Abbreviations: AMS = acute mountain sickness; bpm = beats per minute; C1 = Cycle 1; C2 = Cycle 2; LLS = Lake Louise Acute Mountain Sickness Score; M1–4 = measurements 1–4; n.a. = not applicable; pNfL = plasma neurofilament light; SaO2 = arterial oxygen saturation.
a
AMS was defined as LLS ≥ 4. LLS was assessed according to Roach et al. (2018).
b
An increase/decrease of variables within the respective cycle.
c
The total increase of pNfL from M1 to M4.