Table. Baseline Characteristics for Patients Diagnosed With Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) Who Subsequently Experienced Decline in Kidney Function (Defined as a Decrease in Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate [eGFR] of >20%) Compared to Those Who Had Stable Kidney Function at 1 Year.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total population (N = 2001) | Stable kidney function (n = 1520 [76.0]) | Decline in kidney function (n = 481 [24.0]) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 75.5 (8.4) | 75.4 (8.8) | 76.0 (7.5) | .55 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 263 (13.1) | 201 (13.2) | 62 (12.9) | .85 |
| Male | 1738 (86.9) | 1319 (86.8) | 419 (87.1) | |
| Racea | ||||
| Asian | 30 (1.5) | 19 (1.3) | 365 (75.9) | .03 |
| Black | 377 (18.8) | 272 (17.9) | 105 (21.8) | |
| White | 1594 (79.7) | 1229 (80.9) | 11 (2.3) | |
| Genotypes | ||||
| wtATTR | 1385 (69.2) | 1061 (69.8) | 324 (67.4) | <.001 |
| p.(V142I) hATTR | 301 (15.0) | 202 (13.3) | 99 (20.6) | |
| Non-p.(V142I) hATTRb | 315 (15.7) | 257 (16.9) | 58 (12.1) | |
| Baseline comorbidities | ||||
| Ischemic heart disease | 365 (18.2) | 265 (17.4) | 100 (20.8) | .10 |
| Diabetes | 289 (14.4) | 208 (13.7) | 81 (16.8) | .09 |
| Hypertension | 629 (31.4) | 468 (30.8) | 161 (33.5) | .27 |
| Stroke or TIA | 192 (9.6) | 153 (10.1) | 39 (8.1) | .20 |
| Atrial fibrillation or flutter | 945 (47.2) | 711 (46.8) | 234 (48.7) | .47 |
| CKD stage 3-5 | 925 (46.2) | 712 (46.8) | 213 (44.3) | .33 |
| Heart failure severity | ||||
| NYHA class | ||||
| 1 | 272 (13.6) | 225 (14.8) | 47 (9.8) | .003 |
| 2 | 1248 (62.4) | 950 (62.5) | 298 (62.0) | |
| 3 | 387 (19.3) | 275 (18.1) | 112 (23.3) | |
| 4 | 22 (1.1) | 14 (0.9) | 8 (1.7) | |
| Missing, No. | 72 | 56 | 16 | |
| Systolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | 123.1 (21.5) | 123.4 (21.8) | 122.4 (20.3) | .20 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | 74.9 (10.9) | 75.0 (11.0) | 74.4 (10.8) | .56 |
| Heart rate, mean (SD), bpm | 76.0 (19.3) | 75.9 (20.0) | 76.5 (18.5) | .15 |
| Blood biomarkers | ||||
| NAC stage | ||||
| 1 | 1078 (53.9) | 851 (56.0) | 227 (47.2) | .001 |
| 2 | 687 (34.3) | 489 (32.2) | 198 (41.2) | |
| 3 | 236 (11.8) | 180 (11.8) | 56 (11.6) | |
| NT-proBNP, median (IQR), pg/mL | 2466 (1261 to 4533) | 2309 (1146 to 4290) | 2949 (1759 to 5182) | <.001 |
| eGFR, median (IQR), mL/min/1.73 m2 | 61 (50 to 77) | 61 (49 to 77) | 63 (51 to 77) | .41 |
| Troponin T, median (IQR), ng/mL | 0.053 (0.035 to 0.078) | 0.052 (0.033 to 0.074) | 0.060 (0.042 to 0.086) | <.001 |
| Hemoglobin, median (IQR), g/dL | 13.7 (12.6 to 14.8) | 13.7 (12.7 to 14.8) | 13.6 (12.2 to 14.6) | .002 |
| Serum total bilirubin, median (IQR), mg/dL | 0.76 (0.53 to 1.05) | 0.70 (0.53 to 1.05) | 0.82 (0.58 to 1.11) | .001 |
| Alanine transaminase, median (IQR), U/L | 25 (19 to 33) | 25 (19 to 33) | 26 (20 to 33) | .17 |
| Alkaline phosphatase, median (IQR), U/L | 90 (71 to 119) | 88 (69 to 116) | 98 (76 to 136) | <.001 |
| GGT, median (IQR), U/L | 66 (35 to 138) | 61 (30 to 126) | 84 (40 to 176) | <.001 |
| Echocardiographic parameters, mean (SD) | ||||
| IVSd, mm | 16.7 (2.6) | 16.6 (2.6) | 17.0 (2.5) | .006 |
| PWTd, mm | 16.3 (2.6) | 16.2 (2.7) | 16.5 (2.4) | .04 |
| LVEF, % | 48.7 (10.8) | 49.1 (10.8) | 47.6 (10.7) | .01 |
| Longitudinal strain, % | −11.3 (3.8) | −11.4 (3.8) | −10.9 (3.6) | .04 |
| E/e’ | 16.5 (7.1) | 16.3 (7.2) | 17.1 (6.7) | .001 |
| Medications | ||||
| β-Blockers | 1037 (51.8) | 763 (50.2) | 274 (57.0) | .01 |
| ACEI/ARB/ARNI | 1121 (56.0) | 823 (53.8) | 298 (62.0) | .003 |
| MRA | 766 (38.3) | 539 (35.5) | 227 (47.2) | <.001 |
| SGLT2i | 80 (4.0) | 63 (4.1) | 17 (3.5) | .55 |
| Loop diuretic | 1357 (67.8) | 992 (65.3) | 365 (75.9) | <.001 |
| Daily furosemide equivalent dose, median (IQR), mg/kg | 0.4 (0.0 to 0.7) | 0.4 (0 to 0.6) | 0.5 (0 to 0.7) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ARNI, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor; bpm, beats per minute; CKD, chronic kidney disease; GGT, γ-glutamyl transferase; hATTR-CM, hereditary ATTR-CM; IVSd, interventricular septum in diastole; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MRA, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; NAC, National Amyloidosis Centre; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PWTd, posterior wall thickness in diastole; SGLT2i, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor; TIA, transient ischemic attack; wtATTR-CM, wild-type ATTR-CM.
SI conversion factors: To convert hemoglobin from g/dL to g/L, multiply by 10; NT-proBNP, from pg/mL to ng/L, multiply by 1; serum total bilirubin, from mg/dL to µmol/L, multiply by 17.104; troponin T, from ng/mL to ng/L, multiply by 1000.
Race reported by patients.
Patients in the non-p.(V142I) hATTR-CM subgroup had the following variants: p.(Thr80Ala) (n = 174), p.(Val50Met) (n = 35), p.(Ser97Tyr) (n = 19), p.(Ile127Val) (n = 12), p.(Gly67Val) (n = 7), p.(Ile88Leu) (n = 7), p.(Ala117Ser) (n = 5), p.(Glu62Asp) (n = 5), p.(Glu109Lys) (n = 5), p.(Ile127Phe) (n = 4), p.(Gly26Ser) (n = 3), p.(Gly67Arg) (n = 3), p.(Arg54Gly) (n = 2), p.(Glu74Gly) (n = 2), p.(Gly67Glu) (n = 2), p.(Phe53Val) (n = 2), p.(Ser43Asn) (n = 2), p.(Tyr134Cys) (n = 2), p.(Tyr89Phe) (n = 2), p.(Ala120Ser) (n = 1), p.(Asp58Tyr) (n = 1), p.(Asp58Val) (n = 1), p.(Cys30Gly) (n = 1), p.(Glu62Lys) (n = 1), p.(Glu74Gln) (n = 1), p.(Glu74Leu) (n = 1), p.(Glu74Lys) (n = 1), p.(Glu102Lys) (n = 1), p.(Glu109Gln) (n = 1), p.(Glu112Lys) (n = 1), p.(Gly73Ala) (n = 1), p.(Gly73Glu) (n = 1), p.(Gly77Arg) (n = 1), p.(His110Asp) (n = 1), p.(Ile93Val) (n = 1), p.(Ile104Ser) (n = 1), p.(Ile104Thr) (n = 1), p.(Phe64Leu) (n = 1), p.(Ser70Arg) (n = 1), p.(Tyr116Ser) (n = 1), and p.(Val40Ile) (n = 1).