Table 2.

PSQI scores and comparison at baseline, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 4 months in three groups

Primary outcomes	Baseline	2 weeks	4 weeks	4 months	Group F (p value)	Time F (p value)	Group *Time (p value)
PSQI total score					9.10 (0.000)	853.07 (0.000)	8.18 (0.000)
tDCS + rTMS	16.20 ± 2.74	7.36 ± 1.61	6.27 ± 2.44	7.02 ± 1.70
sham tDCS + rTMS	15.90 ± 2.73	8.42 ± 2.70	7.68 ± 2.89	8.12 ± 2.04
tDCS + sham rTMS	15.78 ± 2.17	9.31 ± 2.28	8.78 ± 2.87	9.16 ± 2.21
Sleep quality					5.92 (0.003)	364.67 (0.000)	8.54 (0.000)
tDCS + rTMS	2.55 ± 0.50	0.79 ± 0.41	0.78 ± 0.41	0.86 ± 0.40
sham tDCS + rTMS	2.18 ± 0.83	1.02 ± 0.59	1.00 ± 0.61	1.16 ± 0.51
tDCS + sham rTMS	2.41 ± 0.57	1.20 ± 0.69	1.16 ± 0.73	1.37 ± 0.63
Sleep latency					1.35 (0.263)	339.10 (0.000)	1.32 (0.269)
tDCS + rTMS	2.54 ± 0.69	1.00 ± 0.47	0.96 ± 0.42	1.04 ± 0.33
sham tDCS + rTMS	2.44 ± 0.67	1.22 ± 0.62	1.18 ± 0.56	1.16 ± 0.55
tDCS + sham rTMS	2.53 ± 0.73	1.18 ± 0.68	1.14 ± 0.69	1.16 ± 0.54
Sleep duration					6.96 (0.001)	292.79 (0.000)	5.48 (0.001)
tDCS + rTMS	2.14 ± 1.07	0.41 ± 0.50	0.41 ± 0.49	0.80 ± 0.40
sham tDCS + rTMS	2.50 ± 0.76	0.62 ± 0.81	0.64 ± 0.72	0.78 ± 0.62
tDCS + sham rTMS	2.20 ± 0.80	1.02 ± 0.88	0.98 ± 0.81	1.14 ± 0.63
Sleep efficiency					23.47 (0.000)	234.17 (0.000)	11.12 (0.000)
tDCS + rTMS	2.27 ± 0.92	0.61 ± 0.62	0.61 ± 0.59	0.88 ± 0.54
sham tDCS + rTMS	2.58 ± 0.70	0.76 ± 0.85	0.74 ± 0.75	1.04 ± 0.73
tDCS + sham rTMS	2.37 ± 0.82	1.59 ± 0.78	1.57 ± 0.70	1.59 ± 0.57
Sleep disturbance					0.30 (0.740)	59.52 (0.000)	1.16 (0.324)
tDCS + rTMS	1.52 ± 0.60	1.00 ± 0.19	0.96 ± 0.27	1.00 ± 0.33
sham tDCS + rTMS	1.56 ± 0.76	1.08 ± 0.44	1.06 ± 0.37	1.00 ± 0.35
tDCS + sham rTMS	1.43 ± 0.50	1.00 ± 0.69	1.00 ± 0.63	1.12 ± 0.52
Sleep medication					1.45(0.239)	91.28 (0.000)	4.39 (0.002)
tDCS + rTMS	2.63 ± 0.95	2.73 ± 0.62	1.70 ± 0.99	1.48 ± 0.50
sham tDCS + rTMS	2.38 ± 1.16	2.78 ± 0.55	2.06 ± 0.79	1.72 ± 0.45
tDCS + sham rTMS	2.67 ± 0.55	2.55 ± 0.58	2.20 ± 0.78	1.75 ± 0.44
Daytime dysfunction					2.15 (0.120)	208.43 (0.000)	2.55(0.050)
tDCS + rTMS	2.55 ± 0.89	0.82 ± 0.43	0.84 ± 0.73	0.96 ± 0.33
sham tDCS + rTMS	2.26 ± 1.07	0.94 ± 0.79	1.00 ± 0.76	1.26 ± 0.44
tDCS + sham rTMS	2.18 ± 0.82	0.78 ± 0.64	0.75 ± 0.59	1.04 ± 0.34

PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. F and p for group effects. Significant results are highlighted (p < 0.05) in bold

The data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD)