Table 3.
Characteristics of Patients Who Required and Did Not Require Additional Postoperative Opioid Prescription.
| Patient-based variable | No opioid refill (n = 252) | Opioid refill (n = 22) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 50.1 (16.6) | 47.5 (14.9) | .7 |
| BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR) | 26.8 (23.7-30.7) | 27.2 (23.7-29.0) | .5 |
| Distressed Communities Index, median (IQR) | 24.7 (10.0-45.7) | 12.5 (6.1-45.3) | .2 |
| Female sex, No. (%) | 95 (37.7) | 14 (63.6) | <.05 |
| Race, No. (%) | .6 | ||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Asian | 5 (2.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Black or African American | 21 (8.8) | 4 (19.1) | |
| Hispanic | 8 (3.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
| White | 203 (84.9) | 17 (81.0) | |
| English-speaking, No. (%) | 243 (96.8) | 22 (100.0) | .9 |
| Comorbidities, No. (%) | |||
| Depression | 64 (25.4) | 10 (45.5) | .1 |
| Anxiety | 59 (23.4) | 8 (36.4) | .2 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 33 (13.1) | 1 (4.6) | .2 |
| Fibromyalgia | 8 (3.2) | 4 (18.2) | <.05 |
| Current smoker, No. (%) | 32 (12.7) | 5 (23.8) | .2 |
| Dominant upper extremity affected, No. (%) | 137 (56.4) | 14 (66.7) | .5 |
| Chronic opioid use, No. (%) | 13 (5.2) | 5 (22.7) | <.05 |
| Chronic pain, No. (%) | 24 (9.6) | 6 (27.3) | <.05 |
| Recent opioid prescription, No. (%) | 24 (9.6) | 9 (40.9) | <.05 |
Note. SD = standard deviation; IQR = interquartile range; BMI = body mass index. Bolded values indicate statistical significance with p < 0.05.