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. 2024 Nov 18;24:158. doi: 10.1186/s40644-024-00797-2

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — White Matter Changes in Adult Survivors of Childhood Brain Tumors. (A) Significant white matter (WM) differences of fractional anisotropy (FA) were found between survivors with and with no radiation treatment and healthy controls (HC). Clusters of significantly lower FA for survivor group were in orange and red. (B) The plot of statistically significant correlations between intellectual performance and the WM FA measured from the areas of left frontal pole (LFP) in red, right frontal pole (RFP) in blue and corpus callosum (CC) in green. The open symbols represent survivors with radiation treatment and solid symbol represent those with no radiation treatment. (C) Significant WM differences between survivors with no radiation treatment and HC. Clusters of significantly lower FA for survivor group were in orange and red. No statistically significant correlation between intellectual performance and the WM FA was found in these areas. WM skeleton (in green) was overlaid on a T1 weighted image. VIQ = verbal intelligence quotient, PIQ = performance intelligence quotient. a.u. = arbitrary units. R = right, L = left. Adopted from King et al. [88]