Table 1.
Sociodemographic and Clinical Characteristics.
| Total N = 172 |
Patients N = 86 |
Controls N = 86 |
P | |
| Age,† M (SD) | 37.4 (10.1) | 37.3 (11.3) | 37.5 (8.9) | 0.89 |
| Age of onset of illness, M (SD) | – | 25.4 (9.6) | – | |
| Illness years, M (SD) | – | 11.7 (8.0) | – | |
| Lifetime episodes, M (SD) | – | 4.8 (2.4) | – | |
| Gender,§
n (%) Male Female |
89 (51.7%) 83 (48.3%) |
41 (47.7) 45 (52.3) |
48 (55.8) 38 (44.2) |
0.28 |
| Marital status,§
n (%) Single Married |
53 (30.8) 119 (69.2) |
29 (33.7) 57 (66.3) |
24 (27.9) 62 (72.1) |
0.41 |
| Education,§
n (%) Up to intermediate Graduate and above |
82 (47.7) 90 (52.3) |
52 (60.5) 34 (39.5) |
30 (34.9) 56 (65.1) |
0.001* |
| Occupation,‡
n (%) Unemployed Employed Homemaker or student |
9 (5.2) 103 (59.9) 60 (34.9) |
9 (10.5) 42 (48.8) 35 (40.7) |
0 61 (70.9) 25 (29.1) |
<0.001* |
| Socioeconomic status,§
n (%) Lower Middle Higher |
35 (20.3) 112 (65.1) 25 (14.5) |
21 (24.4) 56 (65.1) 9 (10.5) |
14 (16.3) 56 (65.1) 16 (18.6) |
0.19 |
| Family type,§
n (%) Nuclear Joint |
129 (75.0) 43 (25.0) |
65 (75.6) 21 (24.4) |
64 (74.4) 22 (25.6) |
0.027* |
| Residence,§
n (%) Rural Urban |
47 (27.3) 125 (72.7) |
31 (36.0) 55 (64.0) |
16 (18.6) 70 (81.4) |
0.01* |
| Index episode, n (%) Mania or mixed Depression |
– |
46 (53.5) 40 (46.5) |
– |
|
| Family psychiatric illness,§
n (%) Present Absent |
62 (36.0) 110 (64.0) |
50 (58.1) 36 (41.9) |
12 (14.0) 74 (86.0) |
<0.001* |
*P < 0.05 (two tailed). †Independent t-test. §Chi-square test. ‡Fisher’s exact test.