Table 3.
Characteristics of nudge interventions.
| Intervention | Social influence (n = 5) | Gamification (n = 7) | Reminder (n = 6) | Feedback (n = 25) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Multi-component | 3 | 1 | 3 | 14 |
| Single-component | 2 | 6 | 3 | 11 |
| Delivery mode | ||||
| Mobile applications | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Web-based | 1 | |||
| Pedometer/devices | 5 | 1 | 24 | |
| Group sessions | 2 | |||
| Text materials | 3 | |||
| Targeted health behavior | ||||
| Physical activity | 2 | 1 | 18 | |
| Exercise capacity | 3 | 5 | 1 | 17 |
| Smoking cessation | 1 | |||
| Influenza vaccination | 1 | |||
| Medication adherence | 3 | 3 | ||
| Inhalation technique | 1 | |||
| Self-efficacy | 2 | 1 | 6 | |
| Pulmonary function | 1 | 1 | 2 | |
| Clinical symptom | 1 | 12 | ||
| Quality of life | 3 | 2 | 3 | 20 |
| Duration of intervention | ||||
| <3 months | 1 | 7 | 4 | 8 |
| [3,6) months | 3 | 8 | ||
| [6,12) months | 1 | 4 | ||
| ≥12 months | 1 | 1 | 5 |